MICRO ACTUAL FINAL EXAM(400 QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS)
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MICRO
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MICRO
MICRO ACTUAL FINAL EXAM(400 QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS)/MICRO ACTUAL FINAL EXAM(400 QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS)/MICRO ACTUAL FINAL EXAM(400 QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS)
MICRO 2024-2025 ACTUAL FINAL EXAM
Which of the following statements concerning pathology, infection, and disease is true?
a. The majority of microorganisms are pathogenic.
b. The term infection is synonymous with the term disease.
c. Microorganisms that make up the normal microbiota of an individual never cause disease.
d. Pathology refers to the study of structural and functional changes that occur in the body as a
result of a disease. - correct answer Pathology refers to the study of structural and functional
changes that occur in the body as a result of a disease.
Which of the following is an example of the symbiotic relationship known as mutualism?
a. a tapeworm in the gastrointestinal tract of a human
b. Corynebacterium on the surface of the eye
c. saprophytic Mycobacterium of the ear
d. E. coli within the large intestine - correct answer E. coli within the large intestine
Koch's postulates established criteria for proving that a specific organism causes a specific
disease. Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria given by Koch's postulates?
a. The pathogen must be isolated from inoculated animals and must be different from the
original organism.
b. The pathogen must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture.
c. The pathogen isolated from a pure culture must cause the disease in a healthy lab animal.
d. The same pathogen must be present in every case of the disease. - correct answer The
pathogen must be isolated from inoculated animals and must be different from the original
organism.
Which of the following is classified as a latent disease?
a. infectious mononucleosis
b. shingles
c. influenza
,MICRO 2024-2025 ACTUAL FINAL EXAM
d. tuberculosis - correct answer shingles
Which of the following statements about the development of infectious diseases is correct?
a. During the incubation period, the infected individual exhibits obvious signs of sickness.
b. The period of convalescence is the time during which the person regains health and fully
recovers (back to the pre-disease state).
c. The period of decline is the time when the infected individual's health rapidly deteriorates.
d. The prodromal period is characterized by very severe symptoms. - correct answer The
period of convalescence is the time during which the person regains health and fully recovers
(back to the pre-disease state).
Which of the following is a protozoan zoonosis that can be transmitted by direct contact?
a. Toxoplasmosis
b. West Nile encephalitis
c. Lyme disease
d. Rabies - correct answer Toxoplasmosis
Which of the following would be an example of disease transmission via indirect contact?
a. Mr. Smith sneezes on an airplane, and the person sitting beside him catches his cold.
b. A tick that is infected with Lyme disease bites a hiker, and the hiker gets Lyme disease.
c. A student sneezes on her test booklet. The instructor grades it and catches her cold.
d. A restaurant worker has diarrhea caused by Norovirus. He fails to wash his hands adequately
before preparing the salad, and his customers get sick. - correct answer A student sneezes on
her test booklet. The instructor grades it and catches her cold.
As a health care worker, you are keenly aware of how important it is to avoid harming patients.
You worry about inadvertently transmitting an infectious disease to an already compromised
individual. According to the CDC, what is the most important thing you can do to avoid this?
a. wash my hands before and after interacting with any patient
,MICRO 2024-2025 ACTUAL FINAL EXAM
b. shave my head
c. wear a lab coat
d. wear shoe covers - correct answer wash my hands before and after interacting with any
patient
The following choices list several types of diseases, along with factors that may contribute to
their emergence. Which disease and associated factor do NOT match?
a. increased incidence of Lyme disease; increases in deer populations
b. spread of cholera to new regions; modern travel
c. emergence of avian influenza A (H5N1); use of antibiotics
d. increased incidence of malaria; global warming - correct answer emergence of avian
influenza A (H5N1); use of antibiotics
This activity asks you to identify Koch's postulates for determining the etiology of infectious
diseases.
Which statements accurately describe Koch's postulates?
Select all that apply.
a. The pathogen from the pure culture must cause the disease when it is inoculated into a
healthy, susceptible laboratory animal.
b. The microscopic properties of pathogens isolated from the original (diseased) and inoculated
(also diseased) animals should differ significantly.
c. The same pathogen must be present in every case of the disease.
d. The pathogen must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture.
e. The pathogen must be isolated from the inoculated animal and must be shown to be the
original organism. - correct answer a, c, d, e
a. The pathogen from the pure culture must cause the disease when it is inoculated into a
healthy, susceptible laboratory animal.
c. The same pathogen must be present in every case of the disease.
d. The pathogen must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture.
, MICRO 2024-2025 ACTUAL FINAL EXAM
e. The pathogen must be isolated from the inoculated animal and must be shown to be the
original organism.
During a six-month period, 239 cases of pneumonia occurred in a town of 300 people. A clinical
case was defined as fever ≥ 39°C lasting >2 days with three or more symptoms (i.e., chills,
sweats, severe headache, cough, aching muscles/joints, fatigue, or feeling ill). A laboratory-
confirmed case was defined as a positive result for antibodies against Coxiella burnetii. Before
the outbreak, 2000 sheep were kept northwest of the town. Of the 20 sheep tested from the
flock, 15 were positive for C. burnetii antibodies. Wind blew from the northwest, and rainfall
was 0.5 cm compared with 7 to 10 cm during each of the previous three years.The etiologic
agent of the disease in the situation is
a.pneumonia.
b. soil.
c. sheep.
d. wind.
e. Coxiella burnetii. - correct answer Coxiella burnetii.
A commensal bacterium
a. always causes disease in its host.
b. may also be an opportunistic pathogen.
c. is beneficial to its host.
d. does not receive any benefit from its host.
e. isn't capable of causing disease in its host. - correct answer may also be an opportunistic
pathogen.
One effect of washing regularly with antibacterial agents is the removal of normal microbiota.
This can result in
a. body odor.
b. normal microbiota returning immediately.
c. fewer diseases.
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