Other
PSYC 230 UIUC EXAM -2
- Course
- Institution
PSYC 230 UIUC EXAM -2
[Show more]
Content preview
PSYC 230 UIUC EXAM #2Sound stimulus - answers- the periodic variations in air pressure traveling out from the
source
Sound waves - answers- the waves of pressure changes that occur in the air as a
function of the vibration of a source
Medium of sound - answers- a material (solid, liquid, or gas, or combination of these)
through which a wave travels. In water, sound travels 4x faster than it does through air.
Pure tones - answers- a sound wave in which changes in air pressure follow a sine
wave pattern.
Amplitude - answers- the difference between the peak and the baseline of a wave
(height of wave).
Loudness - answers- perceptual experience of amplitude
Loud sounds can be dangerous - answers- prolonged contact to sounds over 85 db can
eventually cause hearing loss. Sounds louder than 120 db are painful. Sounds louder
than 130 db will generally result in immediate and permanent hearing loss.
Frequency - answers- the number of cycles in a sound stimulus that occur in 1 second
Pitch - answers- the subjective experience of frequency
What unit is used to measure sound amplitude? - answers- hertz (hz)
What is the hearing range of humans and how does it change with age? - answers- 20-
20,000 hz. As people age, hearing in the highest range dissipates. Lowest frequencies
tend to remain stable with age.
Outer ear - answers- pinna, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Pinna - answers- collects sound and funnels it into the auditory canal
External auditory canal - answers- conducts sound to the tympanic membrane,
amplifies specific sound frequencies.
Tympanic membrane (eardrum) - answers- thin elastic sheet.
Middle ear - answers- eustachian tube
Tensor tympani
Stapedius
Ossicles:
, Malleus (hammer)
Incus (anvil)
Stapes (stirrup)
Eustachian tube - answers- connects the middle ear with the pharynx. Equalizes air
pressure on either side of the eardrum
Tensor tympani and stapedius - answers- muscles attached to the malleus and stapes
Incus (anvil) - answers- the middle bone which is connected to the malleus and
hammer, passes vibrations onto the stapes.
Ossicles - answers- 3 small bones in the middle ear that conduct sound mechanically,
goal is to amplify sounds
Malleus (hammer) - answers- affixed to the tympanic membrane and acts on the incus
Stapes (stirrups) - answers- vibrates against oval window creating pressure waves
leading to transduction by hair cells on basilar membrane in cochlea
Inner ear - answers- functions: transduce sound into a neural signal
Cochlea - answers- snail-shaped structure of the inner ear that houses the hair cells
that transduce sound into a neural signal.
Tympanic canal - answers- one of three fluid-filled chambers in the cochlea. Vibrations
travel down it.
Middle canal - answers- one of three fluid-filled passages in the cochlea. In between
the tympanic and vestibular canals.
Vestibular canal - answers- one of the 3 fluid filled chambers of the cochlea. Vibrations
travel down it, but not the tympanic canal.
Reissner's membrane - answers- a thin sheath of tissue separating the vestibular and
middle canals in the cochlea.
Basilar membrane - answers- composed of fibers, like the base that contains the very
important cells involved in transduction. Contains the organ of corti.
Tectorial membrane - answers- a gelatinous flap, attached on one end, that extends
into the middle canal of the ear
Organ of corti - answers- center part of the cochlea, containing hair cells, canals, and
membranes
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller GEEKA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79223 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now