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HTN and SIHD therapeutics exam 3 with complete verified solutions
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HTN and SIHD therapeutics exam 3 with complete verified solutions
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HTN and SIHD therapeuticsexam 3 with complete
verified solutions
Hypertension
persistently elevated arterial blood pressure
-the force exerted on the artery walls during systole and diastole
Normal BP
Systolic <120 and Diastolic <80
elevated BP
Systolic 120-129 and Diastolic <80
Stage 1 hypertension
systolic 130-139 or diastolic 80-89
Stage II hypertension
systolic >/= 140 or diastolic >/= 90
Hypertensive crisis
systolic > 180 or diastolic > 120
When to start treatment in Stage I hypertension
If they meet one or more:
1. have ASCVD
2. High ASCVD risk score (>10%)
3. Not at goal despite 6 months of lifestyle modification
When to start treatment in Stage II hypertension
as soon as stage II is detected
white coat hypertension
Bp is elevated in a clinical setting but not otherwise
Pseudohypertension
, falsely elevated BP due to stiff, calcified arteries
Auscultatory gap
Kortokoff sounds disappear then reappear and then disappear again
(at true diastolic)
Goals of hypertension treatment
1. prevent hypertensive crisis and acute organ damage
2. prevent long term complications
3. achieve BP targets (surrogate outcome)
BP goal for most patients
< 130/80
1 kg weight loss correlates to how much changes in BP?
Decreases BP by 1 mmHg
DASH Diet
High in:
-vegetables
-fruti
-fiber
-low fat dairy
Low in saturated fats and sugar
Non-pharm for hyopertension
-weight loss
-DASH diet
-adequate potassium intake (unless CI)
-reduced sodium intake
-routine physical activity
-limit alcohol consumption
-tobacco cessation
What should daily sodium intake be restricted to?
1500 mg/ day
What type of physical activity should be used in hypertension?
90-150 min/week of aerobic or dynamic resistance
What should alcohol consumption be limited to?
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