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COMSAE Neuro Exam Questions and Answers
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COMSAE Neuro Exam Questions and Answers
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COMSAE: Neuro Exam Questions andAnswers
Frontal lobe lesion - Answers -Lesion results in:
Disinhibition and deficits in concentration, orientation, judgement. May have re-
emergence of primitive reflexes
Frontal eye fields - Answers -Lesion results in:
Eyes will loos toward brain lesion (i.e. away from side of hemiplegia)
-E.g. MCA stroke
Paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) - Answers -Lesion results in:
Eyes will look away from brain lesion (i.e. toward side of hemiplegia)
Medial longitudinal fasciculus - Answers -Lesion results in:
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
-Impaired aDduction of ipsilateral eye
-Nystagmus of contralateral eye w/ aBduction
Example: Multiple sclerosis
Dominant parietal cortex - Answers -Lesion results in:
Agraphia (can't write), acalculia (can't process numbers), finger agnosia (can't recognize
fingers), left-right disorientation
Example: Gerstmann syndrome
Nondominant parietal cortex - Answers -Lesion results in:
Agnosia (can't recognize things) of the contralateral side of the world
Example: Hemispatial neglect syndrome
Hippocampus - Answers -Lesion results in:
Anterograde amnesia (inability to make new memories)
Basal ganglia - Answers -Lesion results in:
Tremor at rest, chorea (jerky movements), athetosis (slow, involuntary, writing
movements)
Examples:
-Parkinson disease: ↓ dopamine
, -Huntington disease: ↑ dopamine, ↓ ACh/GABA
-Wilson disease: Cu accumulation
subthalamic nucleus - Answers -Lesion results in:
Contralateral hemiballismus (sudden & violent movements of arms
Mammilary bodies - Answers -Lesions results in:
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
-Confusion
-Ataxia: impaired balance/coordination
-Nystagmus
-Ophthalmoplegia
-Memory loss (antero and retro)
-Confabulation
Example: chronic alcohol use (B1 deficiency)
Amygdala - Answers -Lesion results in:
Klüver-Bucy syndrome:disinhibition behavior
-Hyperhpagia
-Hypersexuality
-Hyperorality: examine objects by mouth
Example: HSV-1 encephalitis
Dorsal midbrain - Answers -Lesion results in:
Parinaud syndrome: vertical gaze palsy, pupillary light-near dissociation, lid retraction,
convergence-retraction nystagmus
Example:
-Stroke
-Hydrocephalus
-Pinealoma
Reticular activating syndrom - Answers -Lesion results in: reduced levels of arousal and
wakefulness
Example: coma
Cerebellar vermis - Answers -Lesion results in:
Truncal ataxia (wide-base "Drunken sailor" gait) and nystagmus
Example: chronic alcohol use
-Lesions are central and affect central body
Cerebellar hemisphere - Answers -Lesion results in:
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