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UTHealth DNP EXAM 2 questions fully solved & updated 2025.
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UTHealth DNP EXAM 2 questions fully solved & updated 2025.
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UTHealth DNP EXAM 2questions fully solved &
updated 2025
Define epidemiology - answer Epidemiology is the study of the distribution
and determinants of health-related states or events in specified
populations, and the application of this study to the control of health
problems
Define determinantes - answer which are the causes and other factors that
influence the occurrence of disease and other health-related events.
*KEY WORD*: COMPARE*
Define distribution - answer Concerned with the *frequency* and *pattern*
of health events in a population
*KEY WORDS: MARK, GRAPH, TABULATE*
Define application - answer Using the scientific methods of descriptive and
analytic epidemiology as well as experience, epidemiologic judgment, and
understanding of local conditions in "diagnosing" the health of a
community and proposing appropriate, practical, and acceptable public
health interventions to control and prevent disease in the community.
*KEY WORD: RECCOMEND*
____ 1. Compare food histories between persons with Staphylococcus food
poisoning and those without
____ 2. Compare frequency of brain cancer among anatomists with
frequency in general population
,____ 3. Mark on a map the residences of all children born with birth defects
within 2 miles of a hazardous waste site
____ 4. Graph the number of cases of congenital syphilis by year for the
country
____ 5. Recommend that close contacts of a child recently reported with
meningococcal meningitis receive Rifampin
____ 6. Tabulate the frequency of clinical signs, symptoms, and laboratory
findings among children with chickenpox in Cincinnati, Ohio - answer 1.
Determinants
2. Determinants
3. Distribution
4. Distribution
5. Application
6. Distribution
Summarize the historical evolution of epidemiology (*400 BC*) - answer
Hippocrates attempted to explain disease occurrence from a rational
rather than a supernatural viewpoint. In his essay entitled "On Airs,
Waters, and Places," Hippocrates suggested that environmental and host
factors such as behaviors might influence the development of disease.
Summarize the historical evolution of epidemiology (*1662*) - answer
Another early contributor to epidemiology was John Graunt, a London
haberdasher and councilman who published a landmark analysis of
mortality data in 1662.
What did John Graunt do? - answer Wrote a landmark analysis of mortality
data in 1662. This publication was the first to quantify patterns of birth,
death, and disease occurrence, noting disparities between males and
females, high infant mortality, urban/rural differences, and seasonal
variations.
Summarize the historical evolution of epidemiology (*1800*) - answer
William Farr built upon Graunt's work by systematically collecting and
analyzing Britain's mortality statistics. Farr, considered the father of
modern vital statistics and surveillance, developed many of the basic
practices used today in vital statistics and disease classification
,What did william farr do? - answer He concentrated his efforts on
collecting vital statistics, assembling and evaluating those data, and
reporting to responsible health authorities and the general public.
Summarize the historical evolution of epidemiology (*1854*) - answer John
Snow conducted studies of cholera outbreaks both to discover the cause
of disease and to prevent its recurrence.
Epidemiology's roots are nearly 2,500 years old, T or F? - answer True.
What are the four key uses of epidemiology? - answer Assessing the
community's health, making individual decisions, completing the clinical
picture, searching for causes.
Identify the 6 core epidemiology functions? - answer public health
surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, linkages, and
policy development.
What is public health surveillance? - answer Public health surveillance is
the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and
dissemination of health data to help guide public health decision making
and action. Surveillance is equivalent to *monitoring the pulse of the
community*.
What is field investigation? - answer Field investigations of the type
described above are sometimes referred to as "*shoe leather
epidemiology*," conjuring up images of dedicated, if haggard,
epidemiologists beating the pavement in search of additional cases and
clues regarding source and mode of transmission.
T/F, Surveillance and field investigations are usually sufficient to identify
causes, modes of transmission, and appropriate control and prevention
measures. - answer True.
, What are analytic studies? - answer Follow descriptive studies
(surveillance and/or field investigations), and are used to identify the
cause of the health problem.
What are the four hallmarks of analytic studies? - answer Design, conduct,
analysis, interpretation.
What is evaluation? - answer the process of determining, as systematically
and objectively as possible, the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, and
impact of activities with respect to established goals.
What are the two hallmarks of evaluation? - answer Effectiveness and
efficiency.
What is effectiveness? - answer Ability of a program to produce the
intended or expected results in the field; effectiveness differs from
efficacy, which is the ability to produce results under ideal conditions.
What is efficiency? - answer Ability of the program to produce the
intended results with a minimum expenditure of time and resources.
What are linkages? - answer The act of being a team. Epidemiologists
rarely work alone.
How are linkages sustained? - answer Official memoranda of
understanding, sharing of published or on-line information for public
health audiences and outside partners, and informal networking that
takes place at professional meetings.
What is policy development? - answer regularly providing input,
testimony, and recommendations regarding disease control strategies,
reportable disease regulations, and health-care policy.
Match the appropriate core function to each of the statements below.
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