BRS PHYSIOLOGY: CHAPTER 7 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
0 view 0 purchase
Course
BRS PHYSIOLOGY
Institution
BRS PHYSIOLOGY
BRS PHYSIOLOGY: CHAPTER 7 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
All steroid hormones are derivatives of what common precursor?
Cholesterol
Thyroglublin is a derivative of...
Tyrosine
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are derivatives of...
Tyrosine
What are the two main d...
All steroid hormones are derivatives of what common precursor?
Cholesterol
Thyroglublin is a derivative of...
Tyrosine
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are derivatives of...
Tyrosine
What are the two main determinants of the of a target tissue's responsiveness to
a particular hormone?
The number or sensitivity of receptors
G proteins are active when bound to...
GTP
G proteins are inactive when bound to...
GDP
Which subunit of G proteins binds GTP or GDP?
Alpha
Explain the responses to a hormone binding a Gs GPCR.
1. After hormone binding, GTP replaces GDP, activating the GPCR. The alpha subunit
activates adenylate cyclase.
,2. Adenylate cyclase catalyzes the formation of cAMP from ATP
3. cAMP activates protein kinase A
4. Protein kinase A phosphorylates proteins to carry out specific actions in the cell.
5. Phosphodiesterase degrades cAMP to 5'-AMP
What is the MOA of caffeine?
Caffeine inhibits phosphodiesterase, which normally degrades cAMP.
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase doesn't lead to the creation of more cAMP, but the
cAMP that was already present exhibits a longer half life in the presence of caffeine.
Explain the responses to a hormone binding a Gq GPCR.
1. After hormone binding, GTP displaces GDP, activating the GPCR. The alpha subunit
activates phospholipase C.
2. Phospholipase C catalyzes the formation of diacylglycerol (DAG) and IP3 from PIP2.
3. DAG activates protein kinase C, which phosphorylates proteins causing specific
actions in the cell.
4. IP3 increases calcium concentration inside the cell
Explain the calcium-calmodulin GPCR response.
, 1. Hormone binding receptor causes opening of calcium channels and release of
calcium from the ER. Overall, the intracellular calcium concentration is increased.
2. Calcium binds calmodulin, and the resultant complex carries out specific
physiological actions.
Explain the mechanism by which steroid and thyroid hormones alter gene
transcription.
1. Steroid or thyroid hormones diffuse across cell membranes and bind to receptors
(either intracellular or intranuclear)
2. Hormone receptor complex enters the nucleus (if not already located there) and
dimerizes.
3. Hormone-receptor dimer bind to steroid-response-elements (SREs) on DNA to initiate
DNA transcription.
4. New mRNA is produced, leaves the nucleus, and is translated to form new proteins.
5. New proteins have specific physiological actions.
What are the 6 major hormones of the anterior pituitary?
TSH, LH, FSH, ACTH, GH, Prolactin
Which anterior pituitary hormones are secreted by acidophils? Basophils?
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller NurseAdvocate. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
