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NAVLE EXAM 100% CORRECT ANSWERS!!!
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NAVLE EXAM 100% CORRECT ANSWERS!!!Other name for Type I hypersensitivity - ANSWER Immediate
Hypersensitivity reactions that occur when re-exposure of an antigen results in an
allergic reaction. The antigen is presented and causes B cell production of IgE
antibodies. - ANSWER Type I
Other name for Type II hypersensitivity - ANSWER Cytotoxic
Other name for Type III hypersensitivity - ANSWER Immune-mediated
Other name for Type IV hypersensitivity - ANSWER Delayed type
Vaccine reaction or anaphylaxis are an example of what type of hypersensitivity? -
ANSWER Type I
Blood transfusion reaction or IMHA are an example of what type of hypersensitivity? -
ANSWER Type II
IMPA, glomerulonephritis, anterior uveitis, vasculitis or systemic lupus erythematosus
are an example of what type of hypersensitivity? - ANSWER Type III
Atopic dermatitis, TB test reaction, granulomatous inflammation or contact dermatitis,
i.e. poison ivy are an example of what type hypersensitivity? - ANSWER Type IV
Hypersensitivity rxn occurs when an antigen on a cell surface binds with an antibody
and is then recognized by the body as being foreign. Macrophages or dendritic cells
then recognize the cell and "present the antigen" which then causes B cell proliferation
,and production of IgG and IgM antibodies. The antibodies bind to the cell and activate
the complement cascade - ANSWER Type II
Hypersensitivity rxn that occurs when there are more antigens than there are
antibodies. The antigens float around in the circulation and multiple antigens may bind
one antibody, thus forming an immune complex. - ANSWER Type III
cell-mediated hypersensitivity rxn. Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and CD4+ helper T cells
recognize antigen in a complex with major histocompatibility complex 1 or 2,
respectively. This causes the cells to proliferate and become activated. The activated
CD8+ T cells cause destruction of the antigen-containing cells and activated
macrophages release hydrolytic enzymes. - ANSWER Type IV
Note: takes several days, why it's aka delayed
High USG concentrate for large animals - ANSWER >1.025
High USG concentrate for dogs - ANSWER > 1.035
High USG concentrate for cats - ANSWER > 1.045
Range for Isosthenuria - ANSWER 1.008-1.015
Hyposthenuria - ANSWER <1.008
What are the major causes of diarrhea in Unweaned & Early Post-Weaning Pigs? -
ANSWER *CCC-THRE*
1. Clostridium perfringens types A & C
2. Clostridium dificile
3. Coccidia (Isospora suis most commonly)
, 4. Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE)
5. Hypoglycemia
6. Rotavirus
7. E. coli (colibacillosis)
Time course of Clostridium perfringens infection in pigs - ANSWER Types A & C
1-7 days of age
Time course of Clostridium dificile infection in pigs - ANSWER 1-2 days of age
Time course of Coccidia infection in pigs - ANSWER 5-15 days of age
Time course for TGE infection in pigs - ANSWER All ages within unweaned & early
weaning life stages
At what age are pigs weaned? - ANSWER Between 3-4 weeks
Time course of Rotavirus infection in pigs - ANSWER All ages within unweaned & early
weaning life stages
Time course of E. coli infection in pigs - ANSWER 1-14 days of age
& again during the 1st 2 weeks post-weaning (~4-6 wks of age)
Pathologic lesions of C. perfringens in piglet - ANSWER Dark red small intestines with
hemorrhage
C perfringens types A in piglets has _________ morbidity & _________ mortality - ANSWER
high, low
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