Anatomy exam 1 DPT
correct
answers
approaches to studying anatomy correct answers regional,
systemic, clinical
regional anatomy correct answers organization of the body into
major parts
-head, neck, main body,
trunk
-upper
limbs
-lower
limbs
regional anatomy recognizes that correct answers the body is organized
into
skin,layers -
subcutaneous tissue, deep
fascia
surface anatomy correct answers essential part of regional
anatomy
-structures evident beneath the
skin
-important link between PT and clinical
practice
systemic anatomy correct answers study of the body's organ systems
and their to carry out
interaction
function
arthrology correct answers
articular
myology correct answers
muscular
angiology correct answers
circulatory
gastroenterology correct answers alimentary or
digestive
gynecology and andrology correct answers genital or
reproductive
a system that does not function in isolation and why? correct answers
anatomy - makes up the locomotor
systemic
system
-comprised of skeletal, articular and muscular to produce
locomotion
-brains and nerves stimulate muscles
to act
-arteries and veins supply blood and
oxygen
Clinical anatomy correct answers -emphasizes bodily structure and
function that
important is
to medicine, dentistry and allied
health
-incorporates regional and systemic and stresses clinical
application
,most anatomical terms describe the structure by? correct answers -
shape (deltoid,
biceps,
triceps)
-size (Maximus, Longinus, breves,
minimi)
-location (temporalis, frontalis, profundus,
superficialis)
-function (levator scapulae, pronator
teres)
profundus correct answers
deep
brevis correct answers
shorter
deltoid correct answers
triangle
anatomical position correct answers feet forwards, pinky medial, thumb
lateral, facing
forward
s
median plane correct answers can also be
sagittal
-divided into right and left
parts
-median is straight down the midline, equal but not technically equal
because
of diffand
the lung lobes
heart not split equally whereas
sagittal is not
sagittal plane correct answers -right and left parts,
unequal
coronal plane correct answers
frontal
-divides the body into anterior and
posterior
-not equalparts
because anterior is different from
posterior
transverse plane correct answers most common
with
-dividesMRIthe body into superior and inferior
portions
-can create slices at any
location
proximal correct answers closer to origin or
median
distal correct answers farther from
origin
movement for sagittal plane correct answers -around
transverse axis
-flexion/
extension
movement for frontal plane correct answers around
-anteroposterior axis
-abductio
adductio
n
-3rd finger and 2nd
n
toe
(also lateral
flexion)
pronation correct answers turning the palm
downward
,supination correct answers movement that turns the
palm up
4 major tissue types correct answers -
epithelium
-connective or supporting
tissue
-muscle
tissue
-nervous
tissue
epithelium correct answers covers the body surface and lines
its cavities
function of epithelium correct answers -selective
barriers
-facilitate or inhibit passages of substances across
surface
-protect against dehydration, mechanical/chemical
damage
-secrete products into
cavities
-act as sensory
surface
unilaminar correct answers -one
layer
ex) squamous, cuboidal, columnar,
pseudostrati
can be ciliated, secretory, or
microvilli
multilaminar correct answers -stratified squamous (keratinizing, non
keratinizing)
-stratified
cuboidal/columnar
-urothelial
(transitional)
connective tissue correct answers -composed mainly of
extracellular
-cells matrix throughout
widely spaced
matrix
-structural and defensive roles (bones and
cartilage)
ex) ordinary CT, special skeletal type, haemolymphoid tissue (blood
& lymph)
2 types of cells in CT correct answers resident and
migrant cells
resident cells correct answers -dont
move
-fibroblasts, adipocytes, mesenchymal
stem cells
migrant cells correct answers
move
-various defensive
mechanisms
-macrophages, lymphocytes, mast cells, eosinophils,
neutrophils
CT tissue example correct answers -adipose
tissue
-
-tendon
s
ligament
-superficial fascia (between muscles and
s
skin)
-deep fascia (collagen fibers forming tough, inelastic sheaths around
muscles)
muscle tissue correct answers myocytes to muscle tissue to
muscularof
-capable system
lengthening and shortening which is how we produce
movement
, skeletal muscle correct answers striated and voluntary by somatic
nervous system
cardiac muscle correct answers involuntary and branching fibers with
striations by ANS
smooth muscle correct answers unstriated and
involuntary
structure of skeletal muscle correct answers
Fascia
Muscl
e
- Surrounded by epimysium (epimysium is the deep
fascia)
Fascicl
e
- Surrounded by perimysium (perimysium surrounds a fiber
bundle)
Muscle
fiber
- Surrounded by endomysium (endomysium is
between fibers)
Myofibr
il
made up of actin and myosin to form a
sarcomere
nervous tissue correct answers made up of neurons which are the
structural and
functional units of the nervous
system
-organized into CNS and
PNS
neuroglia correct answers non, neuronal non
excitable insulation
-support, cells to
neurons
-nourish neurons with
nutrients
-destroy pathogens and clear cell
debris
myelinating cells correct answers oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells
(CNS)
(PNS)
-support neurons and increase conduction
velocity of AP
demyelinating disorder examples correct answers -MS: immune related
demyelination
(CNS
)-charcot marie tooth disease:
-guillian barre syndrome: progressive
hereditary
demyelination (PNS)
neural synapse correct answers a junction at the end of a neuron axon
terminal
it where
stimulates another cell by way of chemical messengers called
neurotransmitters
gray matter correct answers contains nerve cell
bodies
white matter correct answers contains interconenctive
fiber tracts
axial skeleton correct answers bones of head,
neck trunk
