Introduction To Clinical Pharmacology Questions And
Answers With Verified Solutios (GRADED A+) Latest
Update 2024-2025.
How are most drugs made today? - ANSWER Synthetically (in a lab)
Pharmacology - ANSWER the biomedical study of interaction of chemical substances with living
systems, including cells, tissues, and organs
(study of drugs)
Drugs - ANSWER • substances or chemical agents that affect biologic or living systems
• alter normal processes either by stimulating or depressing the function of the cell
Synthetic - ANSWER man-made
Biologics - ANSWER agents naturally produced in animal cells, by microorganisms, or by the
body itself
examples: vaccines, blood and blood components, antibodies, and interferon
Alternative Drug Therapy - ANSWER includes herbs, vitamins, minerals, dietary supplements
and natural extracts
What are the five major subgroups of pharmacology? - ANSWER • pharmacokinetics
• pharmacodynamics
• pharmacotherapeutics
• pharmacogenetics
• toxicology
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER the way the body affects the drug
(ADME)
What does ADME mean? - ANSWER absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER the action a drug has on a specific target of action in the body
Posology - ANSWER study of dosages of medicines and drugs
Therapeutics - ANSWER the branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of disease
• prevent
• diagnose
, • treat
Pharmacotherapeutics - ANSWER study of the use of drugs in treating disease
Pharmacogenetics - ANSWER the study of the interrelation of hereditary constitution and
response to drugs
Toxicology - ANSWER study of poisonous substances and their effects upon the body
Why should a dental hygienist be familiar with pharmacology? - ANSWER A majority of the
older adult population takes several drugs... meaning your patients could be taking them.
What term refers to a patient taking multiple medications? - ANSWER Polypharmacy
Assessment in pharmacology - ANSWER assess all medication taken by your pt and consider
drugs that could be prescribed during tx, med history and med list should be reviewed at each appt,
disease risk assessment will include side effects of the meds
Planning in pharmacology - ANSWER the names, dosages, mechanisms of action, and
interactions with other drugs and herbal supplements are all critical
Implementation in pharmacology - ANSWER educational and therapeutic services require
knowledge of the prescription or OTC therapies available to the dental hygienist
Which is a better source of drug info, Wikipedia or Medline.com? - ANSWER Medline.com
Only reputable websites should be used
What started addiction to home remedies in the late 19th century? - ANSWER Codeine
FDA - ANSWER Food and Drug Administration
What does the FDA do? - ANSWER regulates the safety of foods, drugs, and cosmetics
Who's in charge of the drug facts on the labels of OTC items? - ANSWER FDA
T/F: all new drugs must undergo rigid studies in animals and humans before gaining approval for use by
the public - ANSWER True
What are the 4 stages of approval for drugs? - ANSWER 1. Preclinical investigation
2. Clinical investigation
3. NDA review (new drug application)
4. Post marketing surveillance
Preclinical Investigation - ANSWER • before clinical studies are done on humans
• must be done on 2 species
• results must be submitted to the FDA before phase 1 of clinical trials
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