Health Delivery Systems Exam 4 Study Guide Exam And Actual Answers.
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Course
Healthcare Regulation
Institution
Healthcare Regulation
chapter 12 introduction - Answer The concept of ethical standards applies to actions that are hoped for and expected by individuals.
Actions may be considered legal but not ethical.
There are many definitions of ethics but, basically, ethics is concerned with what are right and wrong choices...
Health Delivery Systems Exam 4 Study
Guide Exam And Actual Answers.
chapter 12 introduction - Answer The concept of ethical standards applies to actions that are hoped for
and expected by individuals.
Actions may be considered legal but not ethical.
There are many definitions of ethics but, basically, ethics is concerned with what are right and wrong
choices as perceived by society and its individuals.
The concept of ethics is tightly woven throughout the healthcare industry.
It has been dated back to Hippocrates, the father of medicine, in the 4th century BC, and evolved into
the Hippocratic Oath, which is the foundation for the ethical guidelines for patient treatment by
physicians.
To this day, physicians' actions have followed codes of ethics that demand the "duty to treat".
Medical Ethics and Bioethics - Answer Medical ethics focuses on the decisions healthcare providers
make on the patient's medical treatment.
Euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide would be an example of a medical ethic.
Bioethics focuses on the field of study concerned with the ethical implications of certain biologic and
medical procedures and
technologies.
Organ transplants and genetic engineering are examples of bioethics.
Healthcare Ethical Dilemma - Answer Ethical dilemmas in health care are situations that test a
provider's belief and what the provider should do professionally.
Ethical dilemmas are often a conflict between personal and professional ethics.
A healthcare ethical dilemma is a problem, situation, or opportunity that requires an individual, such as a
healthcare provider, or an organization, such as a managed care practice, to choose an action that could
be unethical.
Healthcare Stakeholder Management Model - Answer The concept of stakeholder management is the
relationship of organizations and all of their constituents, including shareholders, and how management
recognizes the different expectations of each group.
,The basic stakeholder relationship in the healthcare industry is the relationship between the
physician/clinician and the patient.
The pressure that stakeholders may impose on a manager can impact their ethical decision-making
process.
Ethics in the Workplace - Answer Ethical dilemmas occur when the ethical reasoning of the decision
maker may conflict with the ethical reasoning of the patient and the institution.
Dilemmas are often resolved because of the guidelines provided by codes of medical ethics of medical
associations or healthcare institutions, ongoing training, and implementing ethical decision making
models.
Codes of Conduct - Answer The American Medical Association created a code of ethics for physicians in
1847. This code was revised and adopted in 2001. Each healthcare professional has a code of conduct.
The American Nurses Association (ANA) established a code for nurses in 1985, which was revised in 1995
and most recently in 2001.
Healthcare executives have a code of ethics that was established in 1941 that discusses the relationship
with their stakeholders. The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) represents 30,000
executives internationally who participate in the healthcare system.
How to Develop a Code of Ethics - Answer A code of ethics must be written clearly, because employees
at all organizational levels will utilize it.
Memorable Title
Leadership Letter
Table of Contents
Introduction
Core Values of the Organization
Code Provisions
Information and Resources
The code of ethics must be a user-friendly resource for the organization. It should be updated to include
current laws and regulations.
Ethics and Doctor Patient Relationship - Answer Four models that apply to the doctor-patient
relationship:
, The engineering model: The provider empowers the patient with knowledge to make a decision.
The priestly model assumes the doctor will make the best decisions for the patient's health.
The contractual model, based on a legal foundation, assumes there is an agreement between the two
parties, assuming mutual goals.
The collegial model assumes trust between the patient and doctor and that decision making is an equal
effort.
Pharma Marketing to Physicians - Answer Physician Payment Sunshine Act—was passed in 2010 as part
of the Affordable Care Act.
Requires manufacturers of drugs, medical devices, and other healthcare products with relationships with
Medicare and Medicaid providers and CHIP programs to submit reports annually in payments and items
of value.
They must also report ownership interests held by physicians and their families.
In 2002 and 2009, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) implemented a
new code of conduct governing physician-industry relationships.
Decision Making Model for Healthcare Dilemmas - Answer 1. Identification of the dilemma
2. Identification of the conflicting ethics of each party
3. Identification of alternatives to a solution
4. Identification of the impact of each alternative
5. Selection of the solution
Ethics and Public Health - Answer Issues in public health include:
inaccessibility to health care for certain populations,
responding to bioterrorism,
research in developing countries,
health promotion and its infringement on individual's lifestyle choices, and
public health's response to emergencies.
The concept of paternalism and public health is the concern that individual freedom will be restricted for
the sake of public health activities because the government infringes on individual choices for the sake of
protecting the community
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