Exam (elaborations)
TURF (3B): TURF PEST IDENTIFICATION AND BIOLOGY - TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
- Course
- Institution
TURF (3B): TURF PEST IDENTIFICATION AND BIOLOGY - TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
[Show more]
Content preview
TURF PEST CONTROL 3B KANSASTurfgrass6industry6in6Kansas6includes:6-6ans--
home6lawns,6institutional6and6industrial6grounds,6sod6production,6golf6courses,6athletic6fi
elds6and6other6recreational6turf,6parks,6roadsides,6airports,6and6cemeteries.
Turf6management6involves6selecting:6-6ans--
the6right6grass,6proper6mowing,6watering,6fertilizing,6and6controlling6thatch.
Geographically,6Kansas6is6-6ans--is6in6the6transition6zone6between6the6northern6cool-
season6grass6range6and6the6southern6warm-season6grass6range.
Cool6season6grasses6include6-6ans--bluegrass,6tall6fescue6and6ryegrass
Warm6season6grasses6include6-6ans--bermudagrass,6zoysiagrass6and6buffalograss
The6following6practices6will6help6maintain6overall6turfgrass6health6and6prevent6disease6d
evelopment.6-6ans--
Select6appropriate6turfgass6species6and6varieties,6provide6adequate6drainage,6provide6a
ppropriate6fertility,6avoid6compaction,6prevent6excessive6thatch,6use6appropriate6mowing
6heights,6improve6airflow6and6light6availability
The6first6step6in6control6of6turfgrass6problems6is6-6ans--accurate6diagnosis
To6diagnose6turfgrass6problems6follow6these6steps:6-6ans--
Determine6the6overall6distribution6of6the6problem,6identify6the6affected6turfgrass6species6
and6cultivar6(if6possible),6observe6symptoms6on6individual6plants,6determine6weather6con
ditions6before6and6during6disease6development,6knowledge6of6weather6conditions6will6he
lp6you6select6the6right6disease,6determine6potential6problems6with6soil6structure6or6fertility
,6determine6the6history6of6cultural6practices6at6the6site,6review6pesticide6management6pra
ctices,6use6reference6materials
Common6turfgrass6diseases6in6Kansas6include:6-6ans--
brown6patch,6dollar6spot,6fairy6ring,6large6patch6of6zoysiagrass,6lef6spot6and6melting6out,6
necrotic6ringspot,6pin6snow6mold/
microdochium6patch,6powdery6mildew,6plythium6foliar6blight,6rusts,6spring6dead6spot,6sli
me6molds,6andsummer6patch
Brown6Patch6-6ans--
Rhizoctonia6salami6most6common6and6important6disease6of6tall6fescue6in6Kansas
,Brown6patch6is6a6-6ans--Summer6disease
Brown6patch6is6more6severe6on6-6ans--Turf6grasses6under6high6nitrogen6fertilization
Brown6patch6initially6is6-6ans--Purple-green6but6quickly6fades6to6light6brown
Management6of6brown6patch6includes:6-6ans--
Not6fertilizing6when6brown6patch6is6active,6avoid6seeding6rates6greater6than6recommend
ed6rates6,6do6not6irrigate6in6late6afternoon6or6evening.
Dollar6spot6-6ans--Sclerotina6hooeocarpa6occurs6on6all6turf6grasses6grown6in6Kansa
Dollar6spot6symptoms6-6ans--Small6roughly6circular6bleached6patches.62-
6"6diameter6in6lawn6turf6grass.61-2"6on6putting6greens
Management6of6dollar6spot6includes6-6ans--
Adequate6fertilization6program6a6severe6damage6is6prevalent6in6nitrogen6deficient6turf
Fairy6ring6is6caused6by:6-6ans--
Fungi6in6group6of6basidiomycetes6and6can6occur6in6all6species6of6turf
Fairy6ring6fungi6grow6in6the6soil6or6thatch6consuming6organic6matter6and6affect6turf6grass6
growth6-6ans--
In6fairy6ring6after6rain6or6heavy6watering6-6ans--
Fungal6fruiting6structures6(mushrooms6or6puffballs)6May6appear6in6the6ring6area.6In6additi
on6whit6spongy6fungal6growth6maybe6visible6in6the6thatch6or6soil6underneath6the6ring
Fairy6ring6symptoms6include6-6ans--Three6categories.
Type616fairy6rings6-6ans--
Include6turf6death6and6are6most6common6on6sand6based6putting6greens.6Has6been6asso
ciated6with6high6salt6content6and6hydrophobic6conditions6in6the6soil6caused6by6fungi
Type626Fairy6ring6-6ans--
Display6a6ring6of6lunch6dark6green6turf6and6May6or6may6not6have6fungal6fruiting6structure
s
Type636fairy6ring6-6ans--
Develop6a6ring6of6fruiting6bodies6with6no6visible6effect6on6the6turfgrass.6May6range6in6dia
meter6from6a6few6inches6to6506feet6or6more6and6they6can6expand6overtime.
Fairy6ring6management6includes6-6ans--
No6management6needed6as6they6symptoms6are6temporary6.
, Leaf6spot6and6melting6out6is6caused6by6-6ans--
Several6different6fungi.6Most6common6on6Kentucky6blue6grass6and6tall6fescue
Nutrient6Deficiency6-6ans--
Areas6or6all6of6the6turf6may6become6yellowed6and6stunted.6Chlorosis6(yellowing)6is6usuall
y6caused6by6nitrogen6deficiency6or6iron6deficiency.
Buried6Debris6-6ans--
A6thin6layer6of6soil6over6buried6rocks,6lumber,6bricks,6plaster,6or6concrete6dries6out6rapidl
y6in6dry6summer6weather6and6may6resemble6disease.
compacted6areas6-6ans--
Thin6turf6or6bare6spots6appear6in6heavily6used6areas.6Waterlogged6and6heavy-
textured6(clay)6soils6become6compacted6especially6in6areas6with6frequent6foot6or6vehicle6
traffic
Algae6-6ans--
A6green6to6blackish6algae6slime6may6form6on6bare6soil6or6thinned6turf6in6low,6wet,6shaded
6or6heavily6used6and6compacted6areas.6The6slimy6mass6of6algae6dries6to6form6a6thin,6bla
ck6crust6that6later6cracks6and6peels.
Moss6-6ans--
Like6algae,6moss6occurs6where6turfgrass6has6been6thinned6due6to6one6or6more6site6or6e
nvironmental6factors.
Animal6Urine6injury6-6ans--
Injury6from6dog6or6other6animal6urine6may6resemble6brown6patch6or6dollar6spot.
Thatch6-6ans--
Thatch6is6a6tightly6intermingled6layer6of6decomposing6stems6and6roots6that6develops6bet
ween6green6vegetation6and6the6soil6surface.
To6plan6a6good6weed6control6program,6you6must:6-6ans--identify6the6desirable6turfgrass,
•
identify6the6existing6weeds,6and
•
combine6pest6control6with6good6management6practices.
annual6weeds6complete6their6life6cycle6in:6-6ans--less6than6one6year
Examples6of6summer6annual6weeds6common6to6turfgrass:6-6ans--
broadleaf6weeds,6knotweed,6spurge,6purslane,6(grass6weeds)6crabgrass,6goosegrass,6b
arnyardgrass,6foxtail
Winter6annuals6are6common6in6new6turfgrass6and6include6-6ans--
common6chickweed,6shepherd's6purse,6henbit,6downy6brome6annual6bluegrass
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller AGRADEPROMASTER. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79223 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now