NCC Board Review: NNP-BC
5 T's of Cyanotic Heart Disease - ANS-TOF (VSD, pulmonic stenosis, overriding aorta, R.
Ventricle hypertrophy)
Transposition of Great Vessels (indicates thin mediastinum on CXR ("egg on string"))
Snow typhoon CXR? -plenty of fluid, general anomalous venous go back
DiGeorge is related to? Truncus arteriosis.
Tricuspid Atresia
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) - ANS-Stimulates adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids
(cortisol)
Active transport - ANS-Energy-requiring system that movements material throughout a mobile
membrane against a awareness distinction (requires ATP)
Acyanotic Heart Defects - ANS-ASD, VSD (maximum not unusual), PDA, AV canal (endocardial
cushion defect, commonplace in Tri21)
L-R shunt
Cardiomegaly, improved pulmonary markings
CHF while PVR drops (4-8wks)
Adenosine - ANS-Decreases AV node conduction for SVT, short 1/2 life
ADH (arginine vasopressin) - ANS-Retains water whilst cell stability off - can lead to SIADH
DI -insensitivity to ADH (increased Na, hypotonic urine, hypertonic serum, accelerated Ca,
decreased K)
ADH (vasopressin) - ANS-Increases gathering duct's permeability to water to growth water
reabsorption, improves BP
Secreted from posterior pituitary with high [solute] in the blood
ADME - ANS-absorption: how drug gets to bloodstream
distribution: delivery from blood to website online of action
metabolism: body's usage of drug
excretion: elimination of drug (clearance)
adrenal cortex - ANS-outer segment of every adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and
sex hormones
Adrenal insufficiency - ANS-brief in ELBW toddlers associated with
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal immaturity, reduced cortisol stage and doesn't increase for the
duration of pressure- can be suppressed because of BMZ
Low cortisol <15
Associated with BPD
Adrenal Medulla - ANS-epinephrine and norepinephrine
,AKI - ANS-Acute kidney damage, decline in GFR and accelerated serum creatinine --
impairment of nitrogenous waste removal
Developmental immaturity, hemodynamic changes, hypovolemia, asphyxia is maximum
commonplace motive**
S/S: hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hyperphos
Albuterol - ANS-Relaxes bronchioles and easy muscle rest, bronchodilaton performing on B2
receptors
Aldactone
Chlorathiazide
HCTZ - ANS-K sparing diuretic
Non calcium losing diuretic
Sodium resorption in distal tubules
Aldosterone - ANS-Regulates fluids and electrolytes, stimulates resorption of sodium and water
within the distal collecting tubules, inhibits potassium secretion, maintains BP, IV extent, CV
feature
Amphotericin B - ANS-Antifungal for candida sepsis
Ampicillin - ANS-A penicillin that is powerful against gram-terrible and gram-wonderful bacteria
ANC - ANS-1500-8000
<1500- neutropenic
Anemia of Prematurity - ANS-Physiologic, falls to nadir at 6-eight weeks, till reticulocytosis starts
following hypoxic stimulus
Trx: erythropoietin, iron supplementation, keep away from blood draws, transfusion
Anion Gap - ANS-Increased: Lactic acidosis, ARF, IEM
Low ionic hole: rare
metabolic acidosis with nl AG: renal, GI losses, HAL, meds
Antibiotic duration of remedy - ANS-BC +: 7-10 days
UTI: 10 days
Pneumonia: 10 days
Meningitis: 14-21 days
Antivirals - ANS-HSV, Varicella, HIV, Herpes
Acyclovir, AZT/Zidovudine
APGAR Scores - ANS--Activity [muscle tension]
-Pulse [HR 110-160]
-Grimace
-Appearance; Color = Pink, acrocyanosis [hand and feet blue]
-Respiratory Rate [30-60]
ARF and FeNA - ANS-< 1% = normal
1-2.5% = prerenal cause
>three% = intrinsic renal failure
Arginine - ANS-Corrects excessive hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
Arnold-Chiari malformation - ANS-Displacement of medulla, cerebellum and 4th ventricle into
cervical canal, impaired CSF drift, identified by means of CT
ASD treatment - ANS-Treat CHF, surgical closure if extreme (BF LA- RA- RV- Pulm artery-
lungs)
, Autosomal dominant - ANS-Requires one gene to inherit and be "present" (OI, PKD,
Beckwith-Weidmann, neurofibromatosis)
autosomal recessive - ANS-two copies of an strange gene have to be found in order for the
sickness or trait to broaden (PKU, CF, Sickle Cell, Oculutaneous albinism)
Ballard Exam - ANS-for gestational age
evaluation of passive flexor tone thru
- passive flexion
- resistance to passive flexion
- angles of cringe
bodily assessment
- pores and skin texture
- lanugo
- plantar surfaces creases (seem from 28 weeks-term)
- breast
- ear/eyes (eyes fuse @ 23 weeks, open btwn 26-28 weeks)
- genitals
Barlow maneuver - ANS-newborn hip evaluation - adduction of hip - evaluates for congenital
dislocation, dislocates head of femur
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome - ANS-Macroglossia, hypoglycemia, omphalocele,
organomegaly, polyhydramnios
Bell's Staging - ANS-S1: suspected NEC (scientific s/s)
S2A: moderate NEC- S1 + prominent abdominal distention, bowel tenderness, bloody stools,
pneumatosis
S2B: SIII + portal venous gasoline on X-ray, widespread pneumatosis
SIIIA: Oliguria, DIC, worsening edema, no free air
SIIIB: perforation, surprise, DIC
Bicarb - ANS-Threshold maintained in proximal tubule, as soon as reached, excreted in urine
BPP - ANS-(1) remark of tidal fetal breathing for 30 non-stop seconds, (2) amniotic fluid pocket
of as a minimum 2?Cm, (3) gross frame moves, (four) tone manifested by using brisk flexion of
small components or hands, and (five) reactive non-strain check.
Brachial plexus damage - ANS-Erbs: waiter's tip C5-6
Klumpke: hand, C7-T1
Bradykinin - ANS-a powerful vasodilator that increases capillary permeability and constricts
smooth muscle
breast feeding jaundice - ANS-Dehydrated infant from lack of breast feeding/inadequate extent
consumption. No poops yet so reabsorbs deconjugated bili.
Breast Milk Jaundice - ANS-Starts across the first week peaks at the second week
Due to excessive stages of beta-glucuronidase hobby that deconjugates intestinal bilirubin.
Normal little one exam (except for the jaundice). Breast feeding adequately, lack of ability to
digest human milk
CAH - ANS-Lack 21-hydroxylase, converts to 17-OHP, growing extra androgens and not
sufficient cortisol -- medical emergency
