HNF 150 EXAM 1 Objectives Complete Answers
Understand the concept of nutrient density and state how it can be used to determine the healthfulness
of foods ✔️✔️A measure of nutrients provided per calorie of food
Foods rich in nutrients relative to their energy content (calories)
Here’s another batch of questions and answers for HNF 150:
What is the primary function of the mitochondria in cells?
Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP, which fuels various cellular
processes. ✔️✔️
Why is it important to consume healthy fats in moderation?
Healthy fats are essential for brain function, hormone regulation, and absorbing fat-soluble vitamins,
but consuming them in moderation prevents excess calorie intake. ✔️✔️
What are the effects of excessive sugar consumption on the liver?
Excessive sugar consumption, particularly fructose, can lead to fat buildup in the liver, increasing the risk
of fatty liver disease. ✔️✔️
How do prebiotics support gut health?
Prebiotics are types of fiber that feed beneficial bacteria in the gut, promoting a healthy microbiome
and supporting digestion. ✔️✔️
What is the role of chlorophyll in plants, and how does it benefit human health?
Chlorophyll helps plants convert sunlight into energy during photosynthesis, and its antioxidant
properties can support human detoxification and immune function. ✔️✔️
,What is the difference between bioavailability and nutrient absorption?
Bioavailability refers to how well the body can absorb and utilize a nutrient, while nutrient absorption
refers to the actual process of nutrients being taken into the bloodstream from the digestive system.
✔️✔️
How does the body utilize protein during exercise?
During exercise, protein is used to repair muscle fibers damaged during physical activity and to help
build new muscle tissue. ✔️✔️
What is the role of vitamin E in the body?
Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage and supporting immune
function and skin health. ✔️✔️
Why are legumes a great source of plant-based protein?
Legumes, like beans and lentils, are high in protein, fiber, and essential nutrients like iron and folate,
making them a great plant-based protein source. ✔️✔️
How does dehydration impact cognitive function?
Dehydration can lead to reduced concentration, memory, and mental clarity, affecting overall cognitive
performance. ✔️✔️
What is the role of the lymphatic system in the body’s immune function?
The lymphatic system helps remove toxins and waste from the body, transports immune cells, and
supports the body’s defense against infections. ✔️✔️
What is the relationship between stress and nutrition?
Chronic stress can affect appetite and lead to poor food choices, which may contribute to weight gain
and poor nutrition. ✔️✔️
What are the consequences of a vitamin A deficiency?
,Vitamin A deficiency can lead to vision problems, particularly night blindness, and increase the risk of
infections and immune deficiencies. ✔️✔️
How do different cooking methods affect the nutritional value of food?
Cooking methods like steaming and roasting help preserve the nutritional value of food, while methods
like frying or boiling can reduce nutrient content. ✔️✔️
What is the role of the gut microbiota in digestion?
The gut microbiota helps break down complex carbohydrates, synthesize certain vitamins, and protect
against harmful pathogens, supporting overall digestive health. ✔️✔️
Why is eating a variety of protein sources beneficial?
Eating a variety of protein sources ensures that all essential amino acids are consumed, which is
necessary for building and repairing tissues. ✔️✔️
How does the body use sodium in regulating fluid balance?
Sodium helps regulate fluid balance in the body by controlling the movement of water into and out of
cells, and it plays a key role in maintaining blood pressure. ✔️✔️
What is the role of fiber in weight management?
Fiber promotes satiety by slowing digestion, helping control appetite, and reducing the likelihood of
overeating. ✔️✔️
How do antioxidants support the aging process?
Antioxidants neutralize free radicals that contribute to cellular damage and aging, helping to reduce the
appearance of aging and prevent age-related diseases. ✔️✔️
What are the benefits of consuming a low-glycemic index diet?
A low-glycemic index diet helps stabilize blood sugar levels, reduce insulin spikes, and improve long-
term metabolic health. ✔️✔️
, How does vitamin C contribute to skin health?
Vitamin C is vital for collagen production, which supports skin structure and helps prevent wrinkles and
signs of aging. ✔️✔️
What is the role of the hypothalamus in appetite regulation?
The hypothalamus regulates appetite by responding to signals from the stomach and hormones that
control hunger and satiety. ✔️✔️
Why are dairy products important for bone health?
Dairy products are rich in calcium and vitamin D, which are essential for maintaining strong bones and
preventing osteoporosis. ✔️✔️
How do omega-3 fatty acids support brain health?
Omega-3 fatty acids play a key role in maintaining brain function, improving memory, and potentially
reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. ✔️✔️
What is the significance of meal portion control in maintaining a healthy weight?
Portion control helps prevent overeating, maintains calorie balance, and supports long-term weight
management by avoiding excess caloric intake. ✔️✔️
What is the effect of high-fat diets on cholesterol levels?
High-fat diets, especially those high in saturated and trans fats, can raise LDL (bad) cholesterol levels and
increase the risk of heart disease. ✔️✔️
What is the role of the skin in vitamin D synthesis?
The skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to sunlight, which is essential for bone health and immune
function. ✔️✔️
How does magnesium support sleep quality?
Magnesium plays a role in regulating neurotransmitters that promote relaxation and sleep, improving
overall sleep quality. ✔️✔️
