CEN Neurological Emergencies
To quickly evaluate a child's neurological status, all of the following standard evaluations can be used
EXCEPT:
a. The Epworth Scale.
b. The AVPU scale.
c. The Glasgow Coma Scale.
d. Pupillary responses to light. ️️A. The Epworth Scale is a measure ...
To quickly evaluate a child's neurological status, all of the following standard evaluations can be used
EXCEPT:
a. The Epworth Scale.
b. The AVPU scale.
c. The Glasgow Coma Scale.
d. Pupillary responses to light. ✔️✔️A. The Epworth Scale is a measure of sleepiness and is not part of
the standard evaluation of a child's neurological exam. The AVPU and Glasgow Coma scales can be used
to evaluate a child's neuro status. Pupillary size and response should also be checked.
**Neurological Emergency CEN Questions and Answers**
What is the first intervention for a patient with suspected acute ischemic stroke?
The first intervention is to assess the patient's eligibility for thrombolytic therapy (e.g., tPA) within the
therapeutic window, initiate a non-contrast CT scan or MRI to confirm the diagnosis, and ensure airway
and oxygenation are adequate. ✔️✔️
How should you manage a patient with a suspected subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Management includes ensuring airway protection, providing oxygen, and obtaining a CT scan or lumbar
puncture to confirm the diagnosis. If subarachnoid hemorrhage is confirmed, the patient may require
surgical intervention and blood pressure control. ✔️✔️
What are the signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Signs include headache, vomiting, altered mental status, papilledema (swelling of the optic disc),
bradycardia, hypertension, and irregular respiratory patterns (Cheyne-Stokes breathing). Immediate
management focuses on reducing ICP. ✔️✔️
, What is the first priority in managing a patient with a seizure?
The first priority is ensuring safety by protecting the patient from injury, maintaining airway patency
(positioning the patient on their side), and administering anticonvulsants (e.g., lorazepam or diazepam)
as ordered. ✔️✔️
How should a nurse assess a patient with a suspected spinal cord injury?
The nurse should assess for signs of neurological deficits, including loss of sensation or motor function
below the injury level, and immobilize the spine using a backboard or cervical collar to prevent further
injury. ✔️✔️
What is the most common cause of status epilepticus?
The most common causes of status epilepticus include anticonvulsant non-compliance, alcohol
withdrawal, infections (especially in children), and metabolic disturbances like hypoglycemia. Immediate
benzodiazepine administration is required to stop the seizures. ✔️✔️
What is the first step in managing a patient with a suspected brain herniation?
The first step is to ensure adequate airway management and provide oxygen, followed by elevating the
head of the bed to 30 degrees to reduce ICP and preparing for potential surgical intervention.
Medications like mannitol may be administered to reduce cerebral edema. ✔️✔️
What is the priority intervention for a patient with a traumatic brain injury and Glasgow Coma Scale
(GCS) score of 7?
The priority intervention is to secure the airway (via intubation if necessary) and provide ventilation
support, followed by continuous monitoring of vital signs, and preparation for further imaging or
surgical intervention to prevent secondary brain injury. ✔️✔️
How should a nurse manage a patient with a suspected epidural hematoma?
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