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LO3 questions well answered already passed(updated)
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LO3 questions well answered already passed(updated)
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LO3 questions well answered alreadypassed(updated)
1. What directions (relative to the heart) do arteries and veins carry blood? - correct answer ✔✔Veins
carry blood to the heart
arteries carry blood away from the heart
(This question can be confusing, but he's asking about what types of blood vessels either carry blood
toward the heart and what type carry blood away from the heart)
2. What is the function of the pulmonary circuit? The systemic? - correct answer ✔✔Blood vessels that
transport blood too and from the lungs is called the pulmonary circuit. (right side of heart)
Blood vessels that transport blood too and from the body tissues form the systemic circuit (left side of
heart)
3. Name the major chambers of the heart and the function of each - correct answer ✔✔-Left atrium...
Receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through the pulmonary vein. The blood is then pumped into
the left ventricle.
-Left ventricle...responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to tissues all over the body
-Right atrium... receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the vena cava and pumps it into the
right ventricle
-Right ventricle...responsible for pumping oxygen-depleted blood to the lungs
4. What is the pericardium and what is its function? - correct answer ✔✔The pericardium protects the
heart, anchors it to surrounding connective tissue, and prevents overfilling of the heart with blood.
, 5. Define pericarditis - correct answer ✔✔inflammation of the pericardium
6. What are the layers of the heart wall? - correct answer ✔✔1-epicardium: the visceral layer.
2- myocardium: the muscle of the heart. cardiac muscle.
2.5-cardiac skeleton: connective tissue that forms a dense, fibrous skeleton. collagen and elastic fibers
3- endocardium: endothelium tissue (squamous epithelium) on top of a thin layer of connective tissue.
8. Define angina pectoris and MI. - correct answer ✔✔angina pectoris: pain in the chest
MI/myocardial infraction: is a heart attack
9. Describe congestive heart failure - correct answer ✔✔cardiac output is so low that it doesn't meet
tissue needs. caused by weakening of the myocardium from:
-coronary athrerosclerosis...fat clogs coronary arteries.
-chronic hypertention...stress of pumping against high . pressure damages heart
-multiple myocardial infractions
-dialated cardiomyopathy...flabby, stretched ventricles.
10. What are the histological characteristics of cardiac muscle cells?
muscle? - correct answer ✔✔cardiac muscle: single nucleus, branching cells, segmentation.
skeletal muscle: no segmentation, no branching, continuous fibers, multiple elongated nuclei.
11. Draw a flow diagram of the path blood takes, starting from and ending at the left ventricle. - correct
answer ✔✔left ventricle--> aorta--> arteries--> arterioles-->capillaries--> venules --> veins --> Right
atrium-- tricuspid valve--> right ventricle--pulmonary valve-->pulmonary arteries--> lungs--> Left atrium--
mitral valve--> left ventricle...
12. What are the two types of cardiac cells? - correct answer ✔✔autorhythmic cells
contractile cells
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