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POLI 2051 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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POLI 2051 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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POLI 2051 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS
Cabinet ii- iiAnswers ii-the iigroup iiof iipresidential iiadvisors iiwho iihead iithe iiexecutive
iidepartments.
Council iiof iiEconomic iiAdvisers ii(CEA) ii- iiAnswers ii-members iiadvise iithe iipresident iion
iieconomic iipolicy iiand iiprepare iithe iiAnnual iiReport iiof iithe iiCEA.
Crisis ii- iiAnswers ii-a iisudden, iiunpredictable, iiand iipotentially iidangerous iievent.
Impeachment ii- iiAnswers ii-the iipolitical iiequivalent iiof iian iiindictment iifor iiremoving iia
iidiscredited iipresident.
Legislative iiveto ii- iiAnswers ii-a iiclause iiwhich iiallows iiCongress iito iioverride iithe iiaction
iiof iithe iiexecutive.
National iiSecurity iiCouncil ii(NSC) ii- iiAnswers ii-a iicommittee iithat iilinks iithe iipresident's
iikey iiforeign iiand iimilitary iiadvisors.
Office iiof iiManagement iiand iiBudget ii(OMB) ii- iiAnswers ii-responsible iifor iipreparing iithe
iipresident's iibudget iiand iiassessing iithe iibudgetary iiimplications iiof iilegislative
iiproposals.
Pocket iiveto ii- iiAnswers ii-this iioccurs iiwhen iiCongress iiadjourns iiwithin ii10 iidays iiafter
iisubmitting iia iibill iiand iithe iipresident iitakes iino iiaction iito iisign iiit iior iiveto iiit.
Presidential iicoattails ii- iiAnswers ii-where iivoters iicast iitheir iiballots iifor iicongressional
iicandidates iiof iithe iipresident's iiparty iibecause iithose iicandidates iisupport iithe
iipresident.
Twenty-fifth iiAmendment ii- iiAnswers ii-passed iiin ii1967, iipermits iithe iivice iipresident iito
iibecome iiacting iipresident iiin iithe iievent iithat iithe iipresident iiis iitemporarily iidisabled.
Twenty-second iiAmendment ii- iiAnswers ii-passed iiin ii1951, iilimits iipresidents iito iitwo
iiterms.
Veto ii- iiAnswers ii-sending iithe iilegislation iiback iito iiCongress iiwith iireasons iifor
iirejecting iiit.
,War iiPowers iiResolution ii- iiAnswers ii-passed iiin ii1973, iirequires iipresidents iito iiconsult
iiwith iiCongress iiprior iito iiusing iimilitary iiforce iiand iimandates iithe iiwithdrawal iiof iiforces
iiafter iisixty iidays iiunless iiCongress iideclares iiwar iior iigrants iian iiextension.
Watergate ii- iiAnswers ii-a iipolitical iiscandal iiinvolving iiPresident iiNixon's iiabuse iiof iihis
iipowers.
Appropriations iibill ii- iiAnswers ii-bill iipassed iiannually iito iifund iian iiauthorized iiprogram.
Authorization iibill ii- iiAnswers ii-an iiact iiof iiCongress iithat iiestablishes iia iidiscretionary
iigovernment iiprogram iior iian iientitlement, iior iithat iicontinues iior iichanges iisuch
iiprograms.
Budget ii- iiAnswers ii-a iipolicy iidocument iithat iiallocates iiburdens ii(taxes) iiand iibenefits
ii(expenditures).
Budget iiresolution ii- iiAnswers ii-a iibill iisetting iilimits iion iiexpenditures iibased iion
iirevenue iiprojections, iiagreed iito iiby iiboth iihouses iiof iiCongress iiin iiApril iieach iiyear.
Congressional iiBudget iiand iiImpoundment iiControl iiAct iiof ii1974 ii- iiAnswers ii-an iiact
iidesigned iito iireform iithe iibudgeting iiprocess iiby iimaking iiCongress iiless iidependent iion
iithe iipresident's iibudget; iiestablished iia iifixed iibudget iicalendar iiand iia iibudget
iicommittee iiin iieach iihouse.
Congressional iiBudget iiOffice ii(CBO) ii- iiAnswers ii-research iiagency iiof iiCongress,
iiresponsible iito iiit iifor iiproviding iianalyses iiof iibudget iiproposals, iirevenue iiforecasts,
iiand iirelated iiinformation.
Continuing iiresolutions ii- iiAnswers ii-laws iithat iiallow iiagencies iito iispend iiat iithe
iiprevious iiyear's iilevel.
Deficit ii- iiAnswers ii-occurs iiwhen iigovernment iispends iimore iimoney iithan iiit iireceives
iiin iitaxes iiin iithe iifiscal iiyear.
Entitlements ii- iiAnswers ii-expenditures iifor iiwhich iithe iitotal iiamount iispent iiis iinot iiby
iicongressional iiappropriation, iibut iirather iiby iirules iiof iieligibility iiestablished iiby
iiCongress.
Expenditures ii- iiAnswers ii-money iispent iiby iithe iigovernment iiin iiany iione iiyear.
Federal iidebt ii- iiAnswers ii-all iiof iithe iimoney iiborrowed iiby iithe iigovernment iiover iithe
iiyears iithat iiis iistill iioutstanding.
House iiWays iiand iiMeans iiCommittee ii- iiAnswers ii-responsible iifor iioriginating iiall
iirevenue iibills.
,Income iitax ii- iiAnswers ii-the iiportion iiof iimoney iiindividuals iiare iirequired iito iipay iito iithe
iigovernment iifrom iithe iimoney iithey iiearned.
Incrementalism ii- iiAnswers ii-the iibest iipredictor iiof iithis iiyear's iibudget iiis iilast iiyear's
iibudget iiplus iia iilittle iibit iimore.
Medicare ii- iiAnswers ii-in ii1965, iithis iiprogram iiwas iiadded iito iiSocial iiSecurity iito
iiprovide iihospital iiand iiphysician iicoverage iito iithe iielderly.
Reconciliation ii- iiAnswers ii-revisions iiof iiprogram iiauthorizations iito iimake iithe iifinal
iibudget iimeet iithe iilimits iiof iithe iibudget iiresolution, iiusually iioccurring iitoward iithe iiend
iiof iithe iibudgetary iiprocess.
Revenues ii- iiAnswers ii-money iireceived iiby iithe iigovernment iiin iiany iigiven iiyear.
Senate iiFinance iiCommittee ii- iiAnswers ii-responsible iifor iiwriting iithe iitax iicode.
Sixteenth iiAmendment ii- iiAnswers ii-passed iiin ii1913, iipermits iiCongress iito iilevy iian
iiincome iitax.
Social iiSecurity iiAct ii- iiAnswers ii-passed iito iiprovide iia iiminimal iilevel iiof iisustenance iito
iiolder iiAmericans. iiTax iiexpenditures: iirevenue iilosses iidue iito iispecial iiexemptions,
iiexclusions, iiand iideductions.
Uncontrollable iiexpenditures ii- iiAnswers ii-result iifrom iipolicies iithat iimake iisome iigroup
iiautomatically iieligible iifor iibenefits.
Administrative iidiscretion ii- iiAnswers ii-authority iiof iiadministrative iiactors iito iiselect
iiamong iivarious iiresponses iito iia iigiven iiproblem, iiespecially iiwhen iirules iido iinot iifit iior
iimore iithan iione iirule iiapplies.
Bureaucracy ii- iiAnswers ii-implementers iiof iipolicy.
Civil iiservice ii- iiAnswers ii-promotes iihiring iion iithe iibasis iiof iimerit iiand iiestablishes iia
iinonpartisan iigovernment iiservice.
Command-and-control iipolicy ii- iiAnswers ii-regulatory iistrategy iiwhere iigovernment iisets
iia iirequirement iiand iithen iienforces iiindividual iiand iicorporate iiactions iito iibe iiconsistent
iiwith iimeeting iithe iirequirement.
Deregulation ii- iiAnswers ii-the iiwithdrawal iiof iithe iiuse iiof iigovernmental iiauthority iito
iicontrol iior iichange iisome iipractice iiin iithe iiprivate iisector.
Executive iiorders ii- iiAnswers ii-regulations iioriginating iiin iithe iiexecutive iibranch.
, Governmental iicorporations ii- iiAnswers ii-provide iiservices iithat iicould iibe iihandled iiby
iithe iiprivate iisector iiand iigenerally iicharge iicheaper iirates iithan iia iiprivate iisector
iiproducer.
GS ii(General iiService) iirating ii- iiAnswers ii-assigned iito iieach iijob iiin iifederal iiagencies,
iithis iirating iihelps iito iidetermine iithe iisalary iiassociated iiwith iithe iiposition.
Hatch iiAct ii- iiAnswers ii-passed iiin ii1940, iiprohibits iigovernment iiworkers iifrom iiactive
iiparticipation iiin iipartisan iipolitics.
Incentive iisystem ii- iiAnswers ii-regulatory iistrategy iithat iirewards iiindividuals iior
iicorporations iifor iidesired iitypes iiof iibehavior, iiusually iithrough iithe iitax iicode.
Independent iiexecutive iiagencies ii- iiAnswers ii-executive iiagencies iithat iiare iinot
iicabinet iidepartments, iinot iiregulatory iicommissions, iiand iinot iigovernment
iicorporations.
Independent iiregulatory iiagency ii- iiAnswers ii-has iiresponsibility iifor iia iisector iiof iithe
iieconomy iito iiprotect iithe iipublic iiinterest.
Iron iitriangles ii- iiAnswers ii-refers iito iithe iistrong iities iiamong iigovernment iiagencies,
iiinterest iigroups, iiand iicongressional iicommittees iiand iisubcommittees.
Merit iiprinciple ii- iiAnswers ii-using iientrance iiexams iiand iipromotion iiratings iifor iihiring
iiworkers.
Office iiof iiPersonnel iiManagement ii(OPM) ii- iiAnswers ii-responsible iifor iihiring iifor iimost
iiagencies.
Patronage ii- iiAnswers ii-a iihiring iiand iipromotion iisystem iibased iion iiknowing iithe iiright
iipeople.
Pendleton iiCivil iiService iiAct ii- iiAnswers ii-passed iiin ii1883, iiit iicreated iithe iifederal iiCivil
iiService.
Policy iiimplementation ii- iiAnswers ii-the iistage iiof iipolicymaking iibetween iithe
iiestablishment iiof iia iipolicy iiand iithe iiresults iiof iithe iipolicy iifor iiindividuals.
Regulation ii- iiAnswers ii-the iiuse iiof iigovernmental iiauthority iito iicontrol iior iichange
iisome iipractice iiin iithe iiprivate iisector.
Senior iiExecutive iiService ii- iiAnswers ii-the iivery iitop iilevel iiof iithe iibureaucracy.
Standard iioperating iiprocedures ii- iiAnswers ii-detailed iirules iiwritten iito iicover iias iimany
iiparticular iisituations iias iiofficials iican iianticipate iito iihelp iibureaucrats iiimplement
iipolicies iiuniformly.
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