Definition of Process Safety Management - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - A blend of
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engineering and management skills focused on preventing catastrophic
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accidents and near misses, particularly structural collapse, explosions, fires and
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toxic releases associated with loss of containment of energy or dangerous
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substances such as chemicals and petroleum products.
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Sources of Process Safety Management information: - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** -
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Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
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Process design criteria. yi yi
Process Flow Diagrams (PFD) yi yi yi
Standard Operating procedures (SOPs) setting safe limits, such as for
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temperatures, pressures, flows, compositions and levels as well as evaluation of
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the effects.
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Inspection, audit and investigation reports. yi yi yi yi
Maintenance records. yi
Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P&Ids).
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Process Control Systems, including software integrity.
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Relief system designs.
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Fire detection and protection plans.
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Management Of Change - MOC - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - MOC is a management
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control approach to make sure that proposed changes are properly assessed
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and authorized.
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Management Of Change - MOC - Requirements: - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - Hazard
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and Risk Analysis.
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Process for all changes to be authorized.
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Changes documented. yi
Consult and inform. yi yi
Training.
Workers Consultation - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - The two-way exchange of
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information between parties. In this case, between employer and worker.
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Definition of Competence - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - A combination of practical and
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thinking skills, experience and knowledge.
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, Elements of a Process Safety Management System - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** -
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Element 1: Strong Leadership.
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Element 2: Hazard Analysis. yi yi yi
Element 3: Management Of Change.yi yi yi yi
Element 4: Operation within design intent.
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Element 5: Competence management. (Training).
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Element 6: Control of Contractors.
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Element 7: Asset Integrity. yi yi yi
Element 8: Emergency Response. yi yi yi
Element 9: Process Safety Incident Investigations.
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Element 10: Performance Monitoting and Auditing.
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Leading Indicators - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - Proactive measurements of
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conditions that monitor process safety before something goes wrong and to see
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if things are operating as intended.
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Lagging Indicators - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - Reactive measures that took at
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failures, such as the number of injuries, the number of near misses and the
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number of spills that are reported, or excursions where plant is operated outside
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the intended operational envelope.
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Five Steps for Risk Assessment - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - Step 1: Identify the
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hazards.
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Step 2: Identify the people who might be harmed and how.
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Step 3: Evaluate the risk and decide on precautions.
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Step 4: Record the significant findings.
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Step 5: Review and update as necessary.
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Risk Assessment Techniques - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** - 5 WHs: What, Where,
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When, How, Why.
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Bow Tie Model. yi yi
Hazard and operability study (HAZOP).
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Hazard Identification (HAZID).
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Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA).
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Even Tree Analysis (ETA).
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What If. yi
Hierarchy of risk controls in process safety management - ** Verified ANS ✔✔ ** -
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Inherent safety.
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Elimination (including minimised inventories). yi yi yi
Substitution.
Engineering controls (including segregation and spacing of process plant).
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Administrative controls (procedural/behavioural). yi yi
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