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BMS 301 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
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BMS 301 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANDVERIFIED ANSWERS
Describe the planes of a section of the body - ANSWER Frontal= front/back
Sagittal= R/L
Transverse (axial)= top/bottom
Describe the components of a typical reflex arc - ANSWER 1. Receptor
2. Sensory (afferent) neuron (carries impulse from PNS to CNS; contains dorsal
root and dorsal root ganglion)
3. Interneuron (carries impulse within CNS)
4. Motor (efferent) neuron (carries impulse away from CNS to PNS; contains
ventral root)
5. Target organ
Describe the components of a typical spinal nerve and the function of each
component - ANSWER -Spinal nerve (mixed n) sends info out to the target
organ through dorsal rami or ventral rami
-motor and sensory combined
-somatic function and autonomic function
-31 pairs (8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1-3 coccygeal)
Describe the terms: collateral circulation and anastomoses - ANSWER
"Joining of 2 vessels along side each other"
-Functional when they are around a joint
Describe the hip bone, its components and unique features - ANSWER -ilium=
superior
-ischium= posterior/ inferior
-pubis= anterior/ inferior
Describe the sacroiliac joint, its functions and ligaments and their functions -
ANSWER -sacrum and ilium
-synovial/plane
-ligaments prevent inferior dislocation of sacrum
-sacrotuberous ligament
-sacrospinous ligament
,(next to each other; transfer forces from sacrum to acetabulum; prevent rotation
of the sacrum)
Describe the different articulations of the pelvic region - ANSWER 1.
Lumbosacral joint
-L5-S1
-cartilagenous
-Iliolumbar ligament (stabilize L5 on S1)
2. Sacroiliac joint
-sacrum-ilium
-synovial/plane
-sacroiliac and sacrotuberous and sacrospinous
3. Hip joint
-acetabulum-femur
-synovial/ multiaxial/ ball and socket
-AB/ADduction
-rotation
-strong and stable
Describe the hip joint, its function and ligament - ANSWER -acetabulum-
femur
-synovial/ multiaxial/ ball and socket
-AB/ADduction
-rotation
-strong and stable b/c over 1/2 of the head of the femur is in the acetabulum
-acetabular labrum
-post= ischiofemoral ligament
-ant= iliofemoral ligament ("Y" ligament; limits hip extension)
Describe the gluteal muscles and their daily function - ANSWER **Action is
not daily function
1. Gluteus maximus
-resist hip flexion
-"power extension" and does lateral rotation of hip
2. Gluteus medius/minimus
, -prevent hip ADduction
-does ABduction and medial rotation of hip
3. Tensor fascia lata
-does hip flexion**, ABduction and medial rotation of hip
4. Piriformis
5. Superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus
6. Quadratus femoris
7. Obturator externus
Describe the hip intrinsics and their functions - ANSWER A: post. sacrum and
ischium
B: post. femur
-Action: lateral rotation of femur/hip
-Act as proprioceptors
Describe superficial fascia, deep fascia and their functions - ANSWER 1.
SUPERFICIAL FASCIA
-fat/H2O
-protective
-route for vessels and nerves
2. DEEP FASCIA
-epimysium
-no fat/H2O
-surrounds mm
-muscular attachments
-compartmentalizes
List the nerve components of the lumbosacral plexus and their areas of
responsibility - ANSWER -Ventral rami of L1-S4
-Motor, sensory, and autonomics to skin, and muscles of lateral and ant//inf.
abdomen
-L.L. inn= L2-S3
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