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Hematological Disorders Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update

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  • Hematological Disorders
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  • Hematological Disorders

A patient develops hemolytic anemia after taking a prophylactic antimalarial medication. A glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency has been determined to be the most likely cause. The patient is stable. What is the recommended treatment for this patient? A. Red blood cell transfus...

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  • November 12, 2024
  • 41
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Hematological Disorders
  • Hematological Disorders
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Hematological Disorders Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update
A patient develops hemolytic anemia after taking a prophylactic antimalarial

medication. A glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency has

been determined to be the most likely cause. The patient is stable. What is

the recommended treatment for this patient?




A. Red blood cell transfusion




B. Intravenous prednisone




C. Supportive treatment




D. Intravenous vitamin K

✓ Answer: C. Supportive treatment



✓ Explanation: Hemolytic anemia from G6PD is self-limiting. Blood transfusions

✓ are rarely needed and supportive therapy is the mainstay of treatment.



A 32-year-old male of Mediterranean descent presents with acute-onset

palpitations and dyspnea. He was given a sulfa medication for a respiratory

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infection yesterday. The patient states that he is otherwise healthy. Hemoglobin

and hematocrit are decreased, but indices are within normal limits. Heinz

bodies are noted on a peripheral smear, the reticulocyte count is increased,

and haptoglobin is decreased. Iron and total iron binding are normal. What

type of anemia does this patient most likely have?




A. Hemolytic




B. Iron deficiency




C. Macrocytic




D. Thalassemia

✓ Answer: A. Hemolytic



✓ Explanation: Sulfa medications can cause hemolytic anemia as a result of

✓ glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. G6PD is an X-linked

✓ genetic defect common in African Americans and Mediterranean populations.

✓ A decreased haptoglobin level is indicative of hemolytic anemia. Heinz bodies

✓ are a result of hemoglobin precipitation.




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What is the most common cause of microcytic anemia?




A. Iron deficiency




B. Thalassemia minor




C. Chronic disease




D. Hemoglobinopathies

✓ Answer: A. Iron deficiency



✓ Explanation: All of the answers listed can cause microcytic anemia, but

✓ iron-deficiency is the leading cause.



What is the most common physical exam finding associated with iron-deficiency

anemia?




A. Cheilosis




B. Koilonychia




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C. Xerosis




D. Conjunctival pallor

✓ Answer: D. Conjunctival pallor



✓ Explanation: Conjunctival pallor is present before the other signs of iron-deficiency

✓ anemia appear and so is the most common physical exam finding.



Pregnant women and menstruating females are at risk of developing which

of the following types of anemia?




A. Folate deficiency




B. Vitamin B12 deficiency




C. Iron deficiency




D. Spherocytosis




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