CTD 261 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% ACCURATE
Spun Yarns - ANSWER-made from short, staple fibers
a 2-ply spun wool yarns protruding fiber ends S-twist
Filament yarn - ANSWER-made from continuous filament fibers
a 3- ply filament silk yarn no protruding fiber ends Z-twist
monofilament yarns - ANSWER-made from a single, thicker filament fiber.
Transparent sewing thread, bare elastic, and fishing lines are all examples
! silk is too fine to be used as a monofilament yarn
Multifilament - ANSWER-made from multiple filament fibers. Fine lustrous silk yarns and
bulked filament yarns are examples of multifilament yarns.
require little or no twisting to hold the fibers together
yarns are broadly classified into: - ANSWER-Simple
novelty/ complex
compound
based on method of construction
both spun and filament yarns can be used to produce these
simple yarns - ANSWER-Characterized by uniform size and regular surface
Divided into single, ply, cord, and rope yarns
single yarns - ANSWER-simplest type of yarn
commonly produced by twisting together staple or filament fibers
cord yarns - ANSWER-produced by twisting 2 or more ply yarns
rope yarns - ANSWER-produced by twisting two or more cord yarns
Novelty yarns - ANSWER-made of two or more stands, are produced to provide
decorative surface effects
Base/core- structure and strength
effect- decorative detail like knots and loops
, binder- tie the effect yarn to the base yarn if binding is necessary
Nub, knot, and spot - ANSWER-yarns are ply yarns in which the effect yarn is twisted
around the base yarn to produce a thicker area or a bump
chenille yarn - ANSWER-yarns are pile yarns that are often made by slitting leno weave
fabrics into narrow strips in the warp direction
combination yarn - ANSWER-strands of different fiber content can be twisted or
combined to form yarn
4 general classifications of dyestuffs based on the way they bind to the textile -
ANSWER-Surface bonding
Ionic bonding
Covalent bonding
pigmentation
preshrinking - ANSWER-process common in cotton, rayon, and wool fabrics. involves
exposing the textile to hot water and then drying it with hot air. methods very and
include decatizing.
flame retardant finish - ANSWER-inhibit the rate of ignition, flame spread, and
encourage a fabric to self-extinguish
conversion - ANSWER-the series of treatments a textile must undergo in order to be
finished or complete and to become saleable or marketable
off-grain - ANSWER-a fabric in which the warp and filling yarns do not cross each other
at a 90 degree angle
strike-off - ANSWER-a length of sample yardage of a printed fabric, used to proof the
colors and quality of the print
surface absorption dyes - ANSWER-dyes that are physically absorbed into the surface
of the textile
ionic bonding dye - ANSWER-adhering of dyestuffs to the fiber structure itself
covalent bonding - ANSWER-process used for cellulosic fibers where the dye and the
fiber form a strong molecular or covalent bond
pigmentation - ANSWER-the fiber or textile is subjected to a solution where pigments or
water-insoluble dyes are made to adhere through resin binders or by undergoing a
process whereby they become water soluble and are absorbed into or have an affinity
for the fiber
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