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Nursing I. Perfusion Questions and Answers 2024
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Nursing I. Perfusion
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Nursing I. PerfusionWhat is the definition of Perfusion? - answer Refers to the flow of blood through arteries
and capillaries, delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells and removing cellular waste
products.
In reference to perfusion, what is the path of circulation? - answer1) Blood leaves the
left side of the heart.
2) Blood reaches a body structure.
3) Exchange of nutrients and gases occur at the capillary level.
4) Blood returns to the right side of the heart
What are the two categories of perfusion? - answerCentral perfusion and Tissue/Local
Perfusion.
What is Central Perfusion - answerForce of blood movement generated by cardiac
output
What is required of the cardiovascular system in order to have good perfusion? -
answerRequires adequate cardiac function, blood pressure, and blood volume.
What is Tissue or Local Perfusion? - answerVolume of blood that flows through target
tissues
What is required in order to have good Tissue/Local Perfusion? - answerRequires
patent vessels, adequate hydrostatic pressure, and capillary permeability
Without perfusion, what happens? - answerCell death.
What is hemoglobin? - answerThe oxygen-transport protein found within the red blood
cells of all vertebrates.
What does hemoglobin do with oxygen? - answerReleases it to tissues.
What does hemoglobin do with CO2? - answerReleases it to the lungs.
What is a hematocrit? - answerThe percentage of red blood cells in the body.
When a hematocrit level is high, what happens to the rate of bloodflow? - answerIt
slows down. The red blood cells are thick within the bloodflow, slowing down the
process.
, When a hematocrit level is low, what happens to the rate of bloodflow? - answerIt
speeds up. The body is pumping faster in order to get more blood cells to its tissues.
When a hamtocrit level is low, what should the blood pressure look like? - answerIt
should be low. The viscosity of the blood is affected by the percentage of red blood cells
being so low.
What is Ischemia? - answerA decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part.
Who can be affected by impaired perfusion? - answerCan potentially occur among all
individuals, regardless of age, gender, race or socioeconomic status.
The populations at greatest risk for impaired perfusion? - answerMiddle-age and older
adults
Men
African Americans
Infants with congenital heart defects
What are some of the numerous risk factors that may lead to impaired perfusion? -
answerModifiable Risks: street drugs, stress, elevated serum lipids, obesity, increased
triglycerides, sedentary lifestyle, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis,
smoking, renal failure, and blood disease.
Non-Modifiable Risks: Age, gender, genetics.
What is normal blood pressure? - answerEqual or Above 90/60
Below 120/80
What is prehypertensive blood pressure? - answerBetween the ranges of 120/80 to
139/89
What is stage 1 hypertension? - answerBetween the ranges of 140/90-159/99
What is stage 2 hypertension? - answerAbove or equal to 160/100
When does impairment of central perfusion occur? - answerWhen cardiac output is
inadequate.
In relation to perfusion, what results from decreased cardiac output? - answerA
reduction of oxygenated blood reaching the body tissues (systemic effect).
In systemic circulation, what results in severe decreased cardiac output? -
answerCardiogenic Shock.
If decreased cardiac output goes unchecked, what are the results? - answerLeads to
ischemia, cell injury, and cell death
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