Exam (elaborations)
Impaired Local-Tissue Perfusion Questions and Answers Latest Updated
- Course
- Institution
Impaired Local-Tissue Perfusion
[Show more]
Content preview
Impaired Local-Tissue PerfusionLocal/tissue perfusion - answer Problems with the actual amount of blood available to:
target tissues
Breaks down into 3 categories
Occlusion of vessels:
- Arteries
- Veins
Constriction of vessels
Risk factors for impaired perfusion - answer Modifiable:
Smoking, elevated serum lipids, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, diabetes mellitus, HTN
Non-modifiable:
Age, gender, genetics
Dyslipidemia - answerHigh levels of lipids in the blood
Increases risk for many chronic diseases
Lipids come for dietary sources and liver production
Dietary sources
Cholesterol - animal products
Triglycerides - saturated fats
Classified based on density, which is based on the amount of triglycerides (low density)
and protein (high density)
Very-low density lipoproteins
Low density lipoproteins - AKA "bad" cholesterol
High density lipoproteins - AKA "good" cholesterol
Dyslipidemia manifestations, diag. treatments - answerManifestations: asymptomatic
until it develops into other diseases
Diagnosis: cholesterol screening and lipid panels
Treatment: dietary changes, weight reduction, routine exercise, tobacco cessation, lipid-
lowering agents, and complication management
Atherosclerosis - answer- Chronic inflammatory disease characterized by thickening
and hardening of the arterial wall
, - Inflammatory process is triggered by a vessel wall injury
- Lesions develop on the vessel wall and calcify over time
- Leads to vessel obstruction, platelet aggregation, and vasoconstriction
- Complications: peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, thrombi,
hypertension, and stroke
- Manifestations: asymptomatic until complications develop
- Diagnosis: identify contributing factors and complications
- Treatment: similar to dyslipidemia with the addition of angioplasty, bypass, laser
procedures, and artherectomy
Atherosclerosis Can Lead to: - answer- Hypertension
- Renal disease
- Cardiac disease
- Peripheral artery disease
- Aneurysm
- Stroke
Local/tissue perfusion: Occlusion/arteries - answer- Pathogenesis
- Atherosclerosic plaque formation in arteries is at the root of nearly all arterial problems
- Atherosclerosis is most common/dominant type of arteriosclerosis. Athero (gruel or
paste) and sclerosis (hardness). Pathologic origin for most arterial disease and is
ultimately the leading cause of death.
Inflammatory process - answer- Chronic endothelial injury (hyperlipidemia, HTN,
smoking, virus, immune reactions)
- Leads to inflammatory response (increased vascular permeability, attracts cells
[lipids/PLTs], exudate)
- Macrophages engulf lipids to become "foam" walls
- Lipid core forms in the arterial wall and a fibrous cap evolves.
Consequences: Impaired Tissue (Local) Perfusion - answer- Impairment of tissue
perfusion is associated with loss of vessel patency or permeability, or inadequate
central perfusion
- Results in impaired blood flow to the affected body tissue (localized effect)
Acute Arterial Occlusion - answer- Absence of arterial circulation—emergency
- May result from thrombi/emboli or mechanical compression
Classic signs and symptoms (6 Ps):
Pallor
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Pain
Polar
Pulseless
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller julianah420. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75759 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now