SPH 106 (English Linguistics) FUNDAMENTALS
OF ORAL COMMUNICATIONS EXAM STUDY
GUIDE COMPLETE RATED A.
Know the different ways of gathering information for research.
✔✔Library (the library catalog, reference works, periodicals, nonprint
materials, databases), Interviewing, survey research
Know the definitions of facilitative and debilitative stage fright.
✔✔Facilitative apprehension is a factor that can help improve your
performance. Debilitative apprehension is when the level of anxiety is
intense inhibiting effective self-expression.
Know how to build a positive attitude to overcome debilitative stage fright.
✔✔5 steps to help manage stage fright-
1. use nervousness to your advantage (you don't want to get rid of the
butterflies, just make them fly in formation)
2. Understand the difference between rational and irrational fears. (think
rationally)
3. Maintain a receiver orientation. (think about the audience, energized from
the audience)
4. Keep a positive attitude. (believe in yourself and what you're saying to be
more positive. Visualization)
5. Be prepared. (do hw, sincere, realistic assessment of yourself) *for every
minute of speaking you should spend an hour on prep.
, Know, understand, how the "little voice" in our heads as mentioned in the
video featuring one of the authors of our book, Adler, can be a source of
anxiety.
✔✔4 types of Irrational thinking or "self talk".
1. catastrophic failure-worst thing is going to happen (self fulfilling
prophesy)
2. curse of perfection-have to be perfect-no mistakes allowed.
3. desire for approval- rational but it is not rational to get EVERYONE'S
approval (can't please everyone)
4. Rote memorization- exaggerate and over generalize
What are the functions of supporting material?
✔✔-To clarify-to make something clear. Define uncommon words.
-To add interest-Visual aids
-To make memorable-retain something we've seen longer.
-To prove
Factual examples vs. hypothetical examples
✔✔In public speaking, hypothetical examples are more important and more
powerful, making your audience more actively involved-gets audience to
think and process information.
What should you start your speech with?
✔✔Attention getter
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