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Bio 669 Quiz 1 Questions with Correct Answers
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Bio 669 Quiz 1 Questions with Correct Answers
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Bio 669 Quiz 1 Questions with Correct Answers1. water makes up % in men: 60%
2. water makes up % in women: 50%
3. made up of 2/3 (40%) of water: intracellular
4. made up of 1/3 (20%) of water: extracellular
5. what two things make up extracellular fluid?: Intravascular and
interstitial
6. what % of intravascular is in the extracellular?: 25%
7. what % of interstitial is in the extracellular?: 75%
8. who has more water, men or women?: men
9. who has more water, elderly or pediatric?: pediatric
10.why does total body water decrease as we age?: decreased free fat
and muscle mass
renal decline
diminished thirst perception
11.Starling forces: forces affecting movement of fluid between cells and
spaces
12.net filtration: forces favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration
13.Osmolarity: concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution
14.isosmotic: solutions with the same concentrations of solute particles
(osmolar- ity)
15.hyposomotic: solution with lower osmotic pressure. lower outside
16.hyperosmotic: solution with higher osmolarity. higher inside.
17.isotonic: two solutions with the same osmotic pressure
,18.Hypotonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the
lesser concen- tration of solutes within the cell
19.Hypertonic: when comparing two solutions, the solution with the
greater con- centration of solutes within the cell
20.Forces favoring filtration: Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood
pressure) and interstitial oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
21.Forces favoring reabsorption: Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure
(wa- ter-pulling)
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
22.edema: accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
23.causes of edema: increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
(increased BP), decrease of plasma oncotic pressure,
obstruction of lymphatic
circulation, increased capillary
permeability
24.What is ascites?: accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
25.example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure: venous
obstruction, salt and water retention, heart failure, renal failure
26.what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause?: forces fluid
into tissues
27.causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure: decreased
plas- ma albumin
-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition)
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome)
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma
, proteins)
28.what does lymph obstruction cause?: fluid movement into the
tissues decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus
increasing tissue oncotic pressure)
29.what are examples of increased capillary permeability?: burns and
inflam- mation
30.what does increased capillary permeability do?: proteins escape=
loss of plasma proteins to interstitial space (thus increasing tissue
oncotic pressure and decreased capillary oncotic pressure)
31.papilledema: swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the
point of en- trance into the eye through the optic disk
32.What causes papilledema?: often caused by increase in intracrania
pressure
33.what is the primary extracellular fluid cation (positive charged ion)?:
Sodi- um
34.movement of sodium in cell does what to hydrogen?: pushes hydrogen
out.
35.increase in sodium does what to fluid volume?: increases fluid volume
36.what is the primary extracellular anion?: Chloride
37.what if sodium goes in the cell what does the chloride do?: follows it in.
38.what is the amount of sodium in the extracellular fluid?: 142
39.what is the amount of sodium in the intracellular fluid?: 12
40.what is the amount of chloride in the intracellular fluid?: 4
41.what is the amount of chloride in the extracellular?: 103
42.antidiuretic hormone (ADH): promotes retention of water by
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