Adult Health Exam 2 NUR 326 Questions
And All Actual Answers.
Scope of hormone regulation - Answer Deficient hormone level (hypo) to excess hormone level (hyper)
Endocrine glands - Answer hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries,
testes
Age related variations with hormones - Answer adolescents, older adults (glands become smaller with
reduced hormone production)
Consequences of hormone imbalance - Answer alterations in growth, development, cognition,
metabolism, reproduction, and adaptive responses
Risk factors for hormone imbalance - Answer hormonal supplement therapy, advanced age, obesity,
sedentary lifestyle, genetics, family history, stress, trauma, chronic conditions, cancer treatment
Hormone imbalance assessment - Answer vitals, height, weight, inspection, palpation, auscultation
What should be inspected with potential hormone imbalances? - Answer skin color/texture, hair
texture, posture, facial characteristics, affect
What should be palpated with potential hormone imbalances? - Answer thyroid, ovaries, testes
What should be auscultated with potential hormone imbalances? - Answer bruits in enlarged thyroid
Primary lab work with hormone imbalances - Answer thyroid, diabetic blood work
Recommended hormone screening for newborns - Answer routine newborn uniform congenital and
thyroid screening for 31 core conditions
,Recommended hormone screening in adults - Answer thyroid and diabetes in at-risk adults
Scope of thyroid function - Answer myxedema coma, hypothyroidism, euthyroid, hyperthyroidism,
thyrotoxicosis (thyroid storm)
Thyroid hormone axis - Answer hypothalamus (TRH), pituitary (TSH), thyroid (T3, T4, calcitonin)
How does T4 determine imbalance? - Answer high=hyperthyroid, low=hypothyroid
How does TSH determine imbalance? - Answer Low=hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism secondary,
high=hypothyroidism primary
Disorders of the Thyroid Gland - Answer Goiter, nodules, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism.
Graves disease - Answer an autoimmune disorder that is caused by hyperthyroidism and is
characterized by goiter and/or exophthalmos, cigarette smoking is risk
What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism? - Answer Graves disease
Some causes of hyperthyroidism - Answer toxic nodular goiter, thyroiditis, excess iodine intake,
pituitary tumors, thyroid cancer
What population is most likely to have hyperthyroidism? - Answer women, 20-40 yrs
clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism - Answer increased appetite w/ weight loss, diarrhea, heat
intolerance, increased sweating, HTN, tachycardia, arrhythmias, palpitations, insomnia, inability to
concentrate, restlessness, manic behavior, goiter, exophthalmos
exophthalamus (ophthalmopathy) - Answer bugling eyes, increased fat and fluids
, thyrotoxicosis (thyroid storm) - Answer an acute and potentially deadly condition caused by an
overactive thyroid, delirium, seizures, V/D, coma, results from infection, thyroidectomy, trauma, surgery
What test differentiates graves disease? - Answer radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU)
Treatment for hyperthyroidism - Answer Antithyroid medications, Radioactive iodine therapy (RAI),
Subtotal thyroidectomy (up to 50-90%)
What medications block the thyroid form producing thyroid hormone? - Answer propylthiouracil (PTU),
methimazole (Tapazole)
Nutritional therapy while trying to stabilize hyperthyroidism - Answer High calorie diet- 4000 to 5000
cal/day, 6 full meals w/ snacks in between, 1 to 2 g/kg of ideal body weight protein, increase
carbohydrates, avoid high-fiber/high seasoned/caffeine, dietitian referral
Nursing diagnosis for hyperthyroidism - Answer exercise intolerance, imbalanced nutrition: less than
body's requirements,
Goals of treatment with hyperthyroidism - Answer relief of symptoms, balanced nutrition, no
complications, adherence to therapeutic plan
hypothyroidism - Answer low thyroid hormone, slow metabolic rate, more common in women, over 60
Primary hypothyroidism - Answer caused by destruction of thyroid tissue or defective hormone
synthesis
Secondary hypothyroidism - Answer thyroid isn't being stimulated by pituitary to produce hormones
(decreased TRH or TSH)
Causes of hypothyroidism - Answer iodine deficiency, atrophy of gland, hyperthyroidism treatment,
drugs, cretinism (infancy- congenital deficiency of thyroid hormone)
