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CSCI 1100 Final Exam Study Guide
Solutions
Information Technology - ANSWER✔✔-refers to any technology that helps: produce, manipulate, store,
communicate, and/or disseminate information
Computer - ANSWER✔✔-a programmable, multiuse machine that accepts data—raw facts and figures—
and processes, or manipulates, it into information we can use
Communications Technology - ANSWER✔✔-consists of electromagnetic devices and systems for
communicating over any distance
Virtual - ANSWER✔✔-means something that is created, simulated, or carried on by means of a computer
or a computer network
Super Computers - ANSWER✔✔-- fastest and largest available
- can perform more than several quadrillion calculations per second
- used for govt. census, weather forecasting designing aircraft, scientific projects, etc.
Mainframes - ANSWER✔✔-- used in many large businesses
- water-cooled or air-cooled
- used by banks, airlines, colleges, etc.
Workstations - ANSWER✔✔-- used for graphics, special effects, & some prof. applications
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- usually connected to a network
Microcomputers - ANSWER✔✔-used by individuals and aren't necessarily connected to a network
Microcontrollers - ANSWER✔✔-found inside appliances and automobiles
Information System - ANSWER✔✔-a combination of people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and
the Internet
Data - ANSWER✔✔-The raw facts and figures
Information - ANSWER✔✔-Data that has been summarized or otherwise transformed for use in decision
making
Hardware - ANSWER✔✔-The machinery and equipment in a computer system
Software - ANSWER✔✔-The electronic instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task
Input Operations - ANSWER✔✔-What goes into the computer system
Processing Operations - ANSWER✔✔-The manipulation a computer does to transform data into
information
Primary Storage - ANSWER✔✔-temporary storage for data waiting to be processed
Secondary Storage - ANSWER✔✔-permanent storage: media such as hard disk, DVDs, and CDs
Output - ANSWER✔✔-What comes out—the results of processing, such as on the screen, printouts,
sound
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Communications - ANSWER✔✔-An extended operation, with wired or wireless connections data may be
input from a far computer, processed by a remote computer, stored in many different locations and
output is yet another place
input, processing, storage, output, commuications - ANSWER✔✔-basic computer operations
Application - ANSWER✔✔-____ software is a software that has been developed to solve a particular
problem for users, to perform useful work on specific tasks, or to provide entertainment
General-Purpose - ANSWER✔✔-_____ software are Widely used programs such as Browsers, Word
Processors, spread sheets
Specialized - ANSWER✔✔-_____ software is a narrow focus on specific disciplines and occupations, such
as graphics and Web authoring
Mobile Apps - ANSWER✔✔-Designed for mobile devices or tablets for social networking, games, music,
and video Apps
System - ANSWER✔✔-_____ software is a collection of system programs including operating systems,
utilities and device drivers
System Software - ANSWER✔✔-- Runs at most basic level of your computer.
- Enables the computer to perform essential operating tasks and makes it possible for application
software to run.
- Enables application software to interact with the computer hardware
- Background software helps manage resources
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