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WGU C453 Microbiology Module 1 All Answers Correct
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WGU C453 Microbiology Module 1 All Answers Correct What is the purpose of the capsid in a virus? ️️ The capsid is the protein coat that protects the viral genetic material and aids in attaching to host cells. How do antibiotics that target peptidoglycan affect bacterial cells? ️...

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  • November 10, 2024
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WGU C453 Microbiology Module 1 All Answers Correct

What is the purpose of the capsid in a virus?

✔️✔️ The capsid is the protein coat that protects the viral genetic material and aids in attaching to
host cells.



How do antibiotics that target peptidoglycan affect bacterial cells?

✔️✔️ They disrupt cell wall synthesis, weakening the bacteria and causing cell lysis.



What is the function of a bacterium's nucleoid?

✔️✔️ The nucleoid contains the bacterial DNA, which controls cell functions and replication.



What is the significance of a host cell receptor in viral infection?

✔️✔️ Host cell receptors allow viruses to attach and enter host cells to initiate infection.



Explain the term “hemagglutination” as it relates to viruses.

✔️✔️ Hemagglutination is the clumping of red blood cells, which some viruses can induce by binding
to their surface.



How do antibodies neutralize pathogens?

✔️✔️ Antibodies bind to specific antigens on pathogens, blocking their ability to infect host cells.



What is an obligate aerobe?

✔️✔️ An obligate aerobe is an organism that requires oxygen for growth.



What does the term “microaerophilic” mean in microbiology?

✔️✔️ Microaerophilic organisms require low oxygen levels, less than what is found in the atmosphere.



Define the term “synergism” in microbial relationships.

,✔️✔️ Synergism is when two microorganisms interact beneficially, enhancing each other's growth or
survival.



How do interferons protect against viral infections?

✔️✔️ Interferons signal neighboring cells to produce antiviral proteins, helping to prevent viral
spread.



What is a “parasitic relationship” in microbiology?

✔️✔️ A parasitic relationship is when one organism benefits at the expense of the host, often causing
harm.



Why are spores resistant to environmental stresses?

✔️✔️ Spores have thick, protective layers and low metabolic activity, enabling them to withstand
extreme conditions.



What is the significance of the “incubation period” in infectious diseases?

✔️✔️ The incubation period is the time between exposure to a pathogen and the onset of symptoms.



What does “autotrophic” mean regarding microorganisms?

✔️✔️ Autotrophic organisms produce their own food, often using sunlight or chemical energy.



What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

✔️✔️ The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.



What are psychrophiles, and where are they typically found?

✔️✔️ Psychrophiles are cold-loving microorganisms found in environments like glaciers and deep
oceans.



How do endotoxins differ from exotoxins?

, ✔️✔️ Endotoxins are released from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, while exotoxins
are secreted by living bacteria.



What is the “ID50” of a pathogen?

✔️✔️ ID50 is the infectious dose needed to infect 50% of a test population.



Explain what an “acidophile” is.

✔️✔️ An acidophile is an organism that thrives in acidic environments.



What is “gene expression,” and why is it essential in cells?

✔️✔️ Gene expression is the process by which genetic information directs protein synthesis, enabling
cell function and response to the environment.



What is the role of restriction enzymes in bacteria?

✔️✔️ Restriction enzymes cut foreign DNA, protecting bacteria from viral infections.



What is the significance of Koch’s postulates in microbiology?

✔️✔️ Koch’s postulates are criteria used to link a specific microorganism to a particular disease.



Define “lysogenic conversion.”

✔️✔️ Lysogenic conversion occurs when a bacterium acquires new traits from viral genes integrated
into its genome.



What is a “neutralizing antibody”?

✔️✔️ A neutralizing antibody binds to a pathogen, blocking its ability to infect host cells.



What is the purpose of a streak plate in microbiology?

✔️✔️ A streak plate isolates bacterial colonies for pure culture growth.

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