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Bilingual Certification Exam Study Guide Solutions Acculturation - ANSWER-mutual respect and interchange among cultural groups assimilation - ANSWER-a minority group gives up their values and language to adopt those of the majority group transculturation - ANSWER-small scale adoption of cultur...

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  • November 10, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Bilingual Certification Exam Study Guide

Solutions


Acculturation - ANSWER✔✔-mutual respect and interchange among cultural groups


assimilation - ANSWER✔✔-a minority group gives up their values and language to adopt those of the

majority group


transculturation - ANSWER✔✔-small scale adoption of cultural values with very little visible impact


ethnoconvergence - ANSWER✔✔-people self-dividing themselves into smaller ethic groups within a

"superethnicity" such as nationality


Sheltered English instruction - ANSWER✔✔-involves the modification and simplification of complex

English structures in order for the language to be comprehensible for ELLS


Transitional/early-exit bilingual program - ANSWER✔✔-emphasizes L2 development but the use of L1

ensures that students will not fall behind when introducing academic concepts


ESL programs - ANSWER✔✔-involve monolingual English instruction


dual immersion - ANSWER✔✔-involves students from two different language groups


Lau v. Nichols - ANSWER✔✔-Supreme Court ruled that limited-English-proficient students should receive

equal access to education under the Civil Rights Act; determined that identical education does not

constitute equal education; Supreme Court recognized the authority of the Department of Education to

establish regulations for compliance with the 1964 Civil Rights Act


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Castaneda v. Pickard - ANSWER✔✔-Supreme Court case which determined the criteria schools should

use to educate students with limited English proficiency; implementation of bilingual programs must be

based on sound research


Meyer v. Nebraska - ANSWER✔✔-overturned the 1919 Nebraska statue claiming that "no person,

individually or as a teacher, shall, in any private denominational, parochial or public school teach any

subject to any person in any language"


Plyler v. Doe - ANSWER✔✔-court ruled that children could not be denied an education based on

immigration status; resulted in the guarantee of the rights of undocumented immigrants to free public

education


hypothesis testing - ANSWER✔✔-finding rules in their language and testing them by applying the rules

they have formulated


Language Experience Approach - ANSWER✔✔-Language tasks are integrated; learner-generated

materials are used; learners determine the difficulty levels of the vocabulary and grammar


Cummins common underlying proficiency (CUP) - ANSWER✔✔-dual-iceberg model says that the two

languages used by the bilingual student appear to be separate on the surface, but in reality, the student

is operating under one system for both languages; hence what a student knows in one language can be

readily applied to another language


English Language Proficiency Standards (ELPS) - ANSWER✔✔-state curriculum for English-language

learners to be used alongside TEKS in all content areas; school districts are required to implement these

expectations as an integral part of the curriculum across all content areas




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