Bio 227 Exam 4 Questions And Already
Passed Answers.
Functions of the nervous system - Answer 1. Sensory
2. Integrative
3. Motor
CNS contains what - Answer 1. Brain
2. Spinal Cord
PNS contains? - Answer Cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
Afferent System - Answer sensory (going into CNS) usually unipolar
Efferent - Answer Motor (exiting CNS)
Somatic Nervous System (SNS) - Answer voluntary , motor
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) - Answer involuntary, motor
Sympathetic division - Answer fight or flight response.
Parasympathetic division - Answer rest and digest
Cerebrospinal Nervous System - Answer voluntary
Neurgolia - Answer glia cells "nerve glue"
Support and protect, smaller than neurons. Out number neurons -10 times. Jobs: clean up ions, looking
at action potentials, bring in food etc.
,Astrocytes - Answer Star cells, founded within the CNS, most abundant and most versatile glial cell of
CNS, form blood-brain barrier along with blood vessels endothelium, around pia mater, around neurons.
Duramater - Answer what is around the spine. tough layer.
Racniodmater - Answer spider-web-like layer
Peiamater - Answer thin ceran wrap, nooks and cranny layers
Oligodendrocytes - Answer Few tree, found within the CNS, form myelin sheaths around axons in CNS.
Myelin--phopholipids. One cell to many axons.
Myelin is what color - Answer white
Unmyelinated is what color - Answer gray
Microglial Cells - Answer small glue, found within the CNS, small cells with thorny processes, from
mesoderm, derived from monocytes, brain macrophages
Ectoderm - Answer give rise to end (enamel of teeth)
Mesoderm - Answer give rise to the middle stuff (bone, muscles, circulatory system, blood cells,
organs)
Endoderm - Answer the lining of your digestive system and the lining of respiratory system
Monocytes - Answer split out and swell
Ependymal Cells - Answer - Upper garment
, - found within the CNS
- form a continuous lining for ventricles of brain and central canal of the spinal cord
- may have cilia
- squamous to columnar
- associated with the choroid plexus which forms CSF (cerebral spinal fluid)
Schwann Cells (neurolemmacytes) - Answer found in PNS, forms myelin sheaths around axons, once
cell to one axon
Satellite Cells - Answer surround neuron cell bodies within ganglia.
Neurons - Answer nerve cells; structural and functional units of the nervous system
Structure of a neuron - Answer cell body, soma, perikaryon, contain cell organelles such as Nissl bodies
(chromatophillic rough ER) and inclusions. Only local potentials
Dendrites - Answer highly branched, thick extensions of cytoplasm, nissl bodies, can only do local
potentials
Axon (axis cylinder) - Answer Single, specialized, long, thin process
- Conducts impulse away form cell body
- Axoplasm
- Axolemma
- Axon collaterals
- Axon terminals (telodendria)
-Axoplasmic flow (slow, conveys info down to axon terminals)
-Axonal transport (faster, conveys info in both directions; microtubules & microfilament tracks; herpes,
rabies.)
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