Western Governors University
(WGU)
NURS 2060 Pharmacology WGU D116
WGU NURS 2060 D116 Midterm and Final Exam
Course Title and Number: NURS 2060 Pharmacology WGU
D116 Exam
Exam Title: WGU NURS 2060 D116 Midterm and Final Exam
Exam Date: Exam 2024- 2025
Instructor: [Insert Instructor’s Name]
Student Name: [Insert Student’s Name]
Student ID: [Insert Student ID]
Examination
180 minutes
Instructions:
1. Read each question carefully.
2. Answer all questions.
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NURS 2060 Pharmacology WGU
D116 2024-2025 WGU NURS 2060 D116 Midterm Exam
Complete Review Questions with Correct Answers |
100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+ |
Read All Instructions Carefully and Answer All the
Questions Correctly Good Luck: -
4 Types of Drug Interactions - Answer>> 1. Direct
Physical Interaction
- Direct chemical or physical interaction of 2+ drugs
4. Combined Toxicity
- 2+ drugs exhibit toxicity to the same organ (i.e.
hepatotoxicity or QT interval prolongation)
Types of Drug Interactions: Direct Physical Interaction -
Answer>> - Most common direct interaction: When 2+
IV solutions are mixed together (can cause a precipitate
to form)
- If a precipitate is formed, the mixture should be
discarded and NOT administered to a patient
- Always consult a compatibility chart when mixing drug
solutions
- Direct drug interactions are more common when
mixing medication (outside of a patient) but may occur
following administration (inside a patient)
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Types of Drug Interactions:
Direct Physical Interaction - What drug should never be
mixed? - Answer>> - The benzodiazepine drug
diazepam (treats anxiety) should never be mixed with
another drug
- It is insoluble and easily falls out of solution to form a
precipitate
Types of Drug Interactions: Direct Physical Interaction -
Example of a drug interaction inside a patient -
Answer>> - If a patient is given sodium bicarbonate
followed by calcium gluconate, a precipitate may form
in the blood
Types of Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Interaction
- Answer>> - Affects ADME
- Taking 2+ drugs may change the ADME of 1+ drugs
What is the most common type of drug interaction? -
Answer>> - Pharmacokinetic
Types of Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Interaction
(Absorption - 6) - Answer>> 1. Altered pH
2. Altered blood flow
3. Chelation/binding
4. Gut motility
5. Vomiting
6. Drugs that kill intestinal bacteria
Types of Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Interaction
(Absorption - Altered pH) - Answer>> - The pH of the
environment can have a profound effect on the
ionization of many drugs
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- Drugs that affect gastric or
intestinal pH can alter drug
absorption
- i.e. antacids
Types of Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Interaction
(Absorption - Altered pH) - Antacids - Answer>> - Most
common: Antacids
- Antacids increase gastric pH and therefore increase
the absorption of drugs that are weak bases (non-
ionized) and decrease the absorption of drugs that are
weak acids (ionized)
- Antacids can also affect the absorption of enteric
coated drugs
- Enteric coated drugs are designed to pass through the
acidic stomach without dissolution (dissolution begins
in the more alkaline intestine)
- When an antacid is taken, it increases the pH of the
stomach and therefore promotes premature dissolution
of enteric coated drugs
Types of Drug Interactions: Pharmacokinetic Interaction
(Absorption - Altered pH) - What are the consequences
of premature dissolution of enteric coated drugs? -
Answer>> 1. If you give a patient an antacid first, the
pH of the stomach will rise and promote the premature
dissolution of enteric coated tablets
2. If this drug causes toxicity or damage to the lining of
the stomach, the patient will have stomach symptoms
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