CDCES EXAM QUESTIONS AND REVISED ANSWERS 2024/2025 UPDATE
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Course
CDCES
Institution
CDCES
CDCES EXAM QUESTIONS AND REVISED ANSWERS 2024/2025 UPDATE
Pharmacological therapy for DM prevention? - Answer- No FDA approved med for prevention
-Consider Metformin Therapy for :
- Women with history of GDM
- People with BMI of 35 or greater
- Under the age of 60
- Monitor B12 level
C...
CDCES EXAM QUESTIONS AND
REVISED ANSWERS 2024/2025
UPDATE
Pharmacological therapy for DM prevention? - Answer- No FDA approved med for
prevention
-Consider Metformin Therapy for :
- Women with history of GDM
- People with BMI of 35 or greater
- Under the age of 60
- Monitor B12 level
CV Risk Mitigation important.
Eval and treat BP, Lipids, smoking
Adult non pregnant A1c goals - Answer- -A1c < 7% for most adults.
- A1c < 6.5% may be appropriate for those without significant risk of hypoglycemia
-A1c < 8% ‐ history of hypoglycemia, limited life expectancy, or those with longstanding
diabetes and vascular complications.
-Check 2x a year if stable
-Check 4x a year if above target
Ambulatory Glucose Report - Answer- Standardized report with visual cues for those on
CGM devices
Evaluate Time in Range (TIR)
- Target 70‐180 mg/dl (70% of time)
Eval % time below goal
- < 70 (less than 4% of time)
- <54 (less than 1% of time)
Eval % time above goal
- > 180 (less than 25% of time)
- >250 (less than 5% of time)
For under 25 year of age w A1C goal <7.5 , time in goal is set to 60%
Referrals for initial care management for individual w/ DM? - Answer- Eye professional -
dilated eye exam
Family planning if reproductive age
RD for nutrition therapy
DSMES ‐ Diabetes Self‐ Management Education and support
Dentist for comprehensive dental and periodontal examination
Mental health professional, if indicated
,Vaccinations‐ Immunizations - Answer- -Influenza vaccine, every year starting at age 6
months People with diabetes have higher Hep B due to lancing devices/ glucose meter
exposure
- Hepatitis B Vaccine
*18 - 59 years. Administer 2‐3 dose series to unvaccinated adults with diabetes age
*60 years+ administer 3 dose series to unvaccinated adults with diabetes based on risk
-Covid 19 vaccine
-Pneumonia Vaccinations for Diabetes
*Before age 15 mos PCV13 or 13‐valent pneumococcal conjugate 4‐dose series
vaccine is recommended for children
*Children 6‐18 yrs also need one dose of PPSV23
*Adults with diabetes age 19‐64 need one dose PPSV23 or 23‐valent pneumococcal
polysaccharide vaccine.
*At age ≥65 years regardless of vaccination history, additional PPSV23 vaccination is
necessary.
PCV 13 in no longer routinely recommended for those over 65 unless have certain
immune conditions.
BP and Diabetes Targets - Answer- Calculate ASCVD Risk using calculator:
- BP target <140/90 If CVD Risk <15%
- BP target <130/80 With CVD, or If 10‐year ASCVD Risk > 15%
During pregnancy, with previous history of HTN B/P Target of 110 ‐135/85
If BP > 120/80, start with what lifestyle treatment strategies? - Answer- DASH Diet
Lose weight through less calories
Sodium intake <2,300mg/day
Eat more fruits & veggies (8‐10 a day)
Limit alcohol 1‐2 drinks a day
Increase activity level
ABCs of Diabetes - Answer- A1c less than 7% (avg 3 month BG)
Pre‐meal BG 80‐130 Post meal BG <180
Blood Pressure < 140/90
BP target <130/80 ASCVD or If 10‐year CVD Risk > 15% Cholesterol Statin therapy
indicated?
DM goals for elderly that are Healthy & Good Functional Status - Answer- Reasonable
A1c goal <7.0 ‐ 7.5%,
Fasting BG 80 - 130
Bedtime Glucose 80‐180
Blood Pressure < 140/90
Statin unless contraindicated or not tolerated
, Older Adults with Complications and Reduced Functionality ‐ Less Intense Goals -
Answer- Reasonable A1c goal <8.0%
Fasting BG 90 - 150
Bedtime BG 100‐180
Blood Pressure < 140/90
Statin unless contraindicated or not tolerated
Pediatric Glycemic Targets for Type 1 - Answer- A1c goal 6.5 - 8.0% for Type 1
Generally, goal is <7.0%
Individualization is encouraged.
A goal <6.5% may be considered for those at low risk of excessive hypoglycemia
A goal of <8.0 may be needed
Consider whether or not they are on insulin or oral therapy with goal setting
Type 2 and Kids Goals - Answer- A1c goal of 7% if on oral meds alone
A1c goal of 7.5% if at risk for hypoglycemia
Some children may benefit from A1c of 6.5% or less
How often to Screen for Albumin‐Creat ratio and GFR - Answer- Type 2 at dx then
yearly
Type 1 with diabetes for 5 years, then yearly
How often to do eye exams? - Answer- Type 2 at diagnosis, then every one to 2 years
Type 1 within 5 years of dx, then every 1‐2 years
Profile of a High Risk Foot ADA - Answer- Previous amputation
Previous foot ulcer history
Peripheral neuropathy
Foot deformity
Peripheral vascular disease
Vision impairment
Diabetic neuropathy (esp if on dialysis)
Poor glycemic control
Cigarette smoking
5.07 monofilament delivers how many grams of linear pressure - Answer- 10
types of bolus insulin - Answer- Short acting, rapid, very rapid
Short acting insulin - Answer- Regular
Onset 30-60 min Peak 2-3hr Duration 5-8 hr
Rapid Insulin - Answer- lispro, aspart, glulisine
Onset 5-15 min Peak 30-90 min Duration less than 5 hours
very rapid acting insulin - Answer- Lispro aabc- onset 1 min peak 60 min duration 4-5 hr
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