100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
BI 234 ELEMENTARY MICROBIOLOGY CHAPTERS 20-26 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS $11.49   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. BI 234
  4.  
  5. BI 234

Exam (elaborations)

BI 234 ELEMENTARY MICROBIOLOGY CHAPTERS 20-26 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
 5 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • BI 234
  • Institution
  • BI 234

BI 234 ELEMENTARY MICROBIOLOGY CHAPTERS 20-26 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Chapter 20 Antimicrobial Drugs Chemotherapy treatment with chemical substances Antibiotic substances produced by microorganism that inhibits another microorganism Spectrum of activity range of different microbes affe...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 33  pages

Document information

  • November 9, 2024
  • 33
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • bi 234 elementary microbiology chapters 20 26 exam

Written for

  • BI 234
All documents for this subject (66)

Seller

avatar-seller
AcademicSuperScores

Reviews received

Content preview

BI 234 ELEMENTARY MICROBIOLOGY CHAPTERS 20-26 EXAM

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS


Chapter 20

Antimicrobial Drugs

Chemotherapy

treatment with chemical substances

Antibiotic

substances produced by microorganism that inhibits another microorganism

Spectrum of activity

range of different microbes affected by an antibiotic

Bactericidal

killing bacteria directly

Bacteriostatic

preventing bacterial growth

Selective toxicity

a drug that kills harmful microbes without damaging the host

When initially treating a primary infection what spectrum of antibiotics will be

most effective?

broad spectrum

5 modes of antibiotic action

,Inhibition of cell wall synthesis, Inhibition of protein synthesis, injury to the plasma

membrane, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, inhibition of synthesis of essential

metabolism

penicillins, cephalosporins, bacitracin, vancomycin, isoniazid, and ethambutol

antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis

aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and macrolides

take advantage of 70S bacterial ribosomes to inhibit microbial protein synthesis.

polymixin B

causes disruption and change in permeability of the cell membrane to perform this

antimicrobial function.

Which antibiotic inhibits nucleaic acid synthesis?

Riamycins (rifampin), quinolones, fluoroquinolones (including ciproflaxin) interfer with

transcription and replication to operate within this antimicrobial modality.

Which antibiotic inhibits the synthesis of essential cell metabolites?

Sulfonimides - sulfa drugs, including trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole - inhibit

enzyme activity as agents of this antimicrobial modality.

Penicillin G

Natural penicillin that requires injection

Penicillin V

natural penicilin that can be taken orally

Oxacillin

a semisynthetic penicillin that only acts on gram-positives and is resistant to

penecillinase

,Ampicillin

an extended spectrum semi-synthetic penicillin

Penicillin

An antibiotic that comes in natural and semi-synthetic varieties.

Bactrican

is a topical antibiotic effective againnst gram positives.

Vancomycin

is an important "last line" against antibiotic resistant S. aureus. 2Nd, 3rd, and 4th

generation

cephalosporins

are more effective against gram negatives.

Isoniazid

inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.

Ethambutol

inhibits incorporation of mycolic acid.

A bacteriostatic antibiotic we studied

Penicillin is an example of an antibiotic with this specific action that it prevents synthesis

of bacterial cell walls during reproduction.

Discuss the effect of penecillin retention and action relatives to administration,

dose, and type.

Depedning on dose, formulation, and administration pencillin will reach various

concentrations in the blood for varied amounts of time. This will have an effect on it

antimicrobial function.

, Penecillinase

This enzymne, produced by bacteria, cleaves the beta-lactam ring of penicillin rendering

it inactive. This is a method antibiotic resistance

Cepalosporin

This antibiotic is resistant to pencillinase because it has a different molecular nucleus

than penicillin. This can be used to treat infections of Penicillin resistant microbes.

Chlorampehenicol

is a broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the

50S ribosomal subunit to inhibit peptide bond formation

Aminoglycosides (streptomycin, neomycin, gentamycin)

broad spectrum antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by changing the shape

of the 30S subunit to prevent correct translation of mRNA

Tetracyclines

broad spectrum antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by interference with

tRNA attachment to mRNA

Macrolides (IE: erythromycin)

Inhibit protein synthesis in gram positive bacteria by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits

to prevent translocation.

The antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis.

Chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides

Polymyxin B

a topical antibiotic that causes injury to the plasma membrane. It is often combined with

bacitracin and neomycin in over the counter preparations.

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller AcademicSuperScores. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

77254 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$11.49
  • (0)
  Add to cart