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NR507 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
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NR507 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
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NR507 Midterm ExamInnate immunity - Answer-the immunity we are born with
Immune response: 3 levels/lines of protection - Answer-1st line: physical, mechanical, & biochemical
barriers
2nd line: the inflammatory response
3rd line: lymphocyte production
most important immune defense - Answer-intact skin and mucous membranes (impermeable barrier)
PAMP - Answer-pathogen associated molecular pattern
surfaces of bacteria, viruses, and other microbes are covered with many foreign proteins
foreign
DAMP - Answer-damage associated molecular pattern
,many proteins are released from inside our cells when they are damaged
foreign
PRR - Answer-pattern recognition receptors
surfaces of WBCs contain these receptor sites
-continuously interact with any material they encounter to ID it as "self" or "non-self" (foreign; PAMP or
DAMP)
Chemotaxis - Answer-Cell movement that occurs in response to chemical stimulus
Phagocytosis - Answer-"cell eating"
1. opsonization and adherence
2. engulfment - WBC surrounds and ingests Ag
3. Fusion of phagosome with lysosome
4. destruction - phagosome digested by lysozyme, H202, acids, and other toxic chemicals inside the
lysosomes
5. egestion
Hypersensitivity Type 1:_____ - Answer-Allergic reaction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Mediated by ______ - Answer-IgE
, Hypersensitivity: Type 1
Inflammation due to _____________ - Answer-mast cell degranulation
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
local symptoms - Answer-itching, rash
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
systemic symptoms - Answer-wheezing
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
most dangerous form - Answer-anaphylactic reaction-systemic response-hypotension, severe
bronchoconstriction
Hypersensitivity: Type 1
main treatment ___________ - Answer-epinephrine
Hypersensitivity Type 2: _________________ - Answer-Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (example:
thyroid tissue) hapten causes mediation of IgE or IgM
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
Primary effector cells involved - Answer-macrophages
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
can cause ____________ - Answer-tissue damage or alter function
Hypersensitivity: Type 2
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