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FCCN LEVEL 1 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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FCCN LEVEL 1 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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FCCN LEVEL 1 EXAM STUDY GUIDEminimum urine output for adult - Answers- 0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Answers- - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway - Answers- - hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and increased
serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - Answers- - cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
treating hypercalcemia - Answers- - administer IV NS to promote diuresis
- administer loop diuretics
- corticosteroids to decrease absorption from GI
- phosphates to decrease breakdown of bones by inhibiting release
- dialysis
hypomagnesemia - Answers- - tetany
- weakness
- confusion
- ECG changes (wide QRS, prolong PR/QT)
treating hypomagnesemia - Answers- - CPR
- magnesium
- shock
hypomagnesemia and digoxin - Answers- - low MG increases pharmacologic action of
digoxin
- look for N/V, bradycardia, AV block, yellow tinged vision
hypermagenesemia - Answers- - take too many antacids or laxatives
, - respiratory depression
- muscle relaxation
hypophosphatemia - Answers- - cause by hyperparathyroidism, chronic diarrhea, long
term diuretic use, malnutrition and severe burns
- muscle weakness
- impaired cardiac function
- poor tissue oxygenation
- failure to wean from mechanical ventilation
- depressed CNS - confusion
hydrostatic pressure - Answers- - forces fluids and solutes through the capillary wall
and into the tissue spaces
colloid osmotic pressure - Answers- - pulling force of albumin in the intravascular
spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy - Answers- - replaces normal ongoing losses of water and
electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
replacement therapy - Answers- - corrects any existing water and or electrolyte deficits
isotonic fluids - Answers- - tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids - Answers- - lower concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in
the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid - Answers- - higher concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in
the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
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