nclex review
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is _____ onset occurring at what ages? correct answers juvenile; 8-15 years
(may also be seen in adult, now seeing equal occurrences)
destruction left behind from IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is called _____ correct answers insulitis
syn...
LCCW GIGU: Diabetes, Diabetes GIGU,
Lewis's Medical Surgical Nursing 11th
Edition Harding Test Bank, Chapter 48:
Diabetes Mellitus Lewis: Medical-
Surgical Nursing, 10th Edition, diabetes
nclex review
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is onset occurring at what ages?
correct
answers juvenile; 8-15
years
(may also be seen in adult, now seeing equal
occurrences)
destruction left behind from IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is called
correct
answers
insulitis
syndrome of IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by
correct
answers hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin
secretion
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by correct answers
immunologically
mediated destruction of beta
cells
(genetic
s)
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus accounts for of all diabetes correct
answers 5-
10
%
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with & if not treated
correct
answers acute ketoacidosis &
coma
S&S of IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus correct answers 1.
2.
polyphasia
polyuria
3.
polydipsia
4.ketoacidos
5.
is
tiredness
6. weight
loss
Diagnoses for IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus correct answers 1. fasting
glucose
2. plasma test
glucose test 2 hrs after a
challenge
3. serum glucose 150-200
beginning
4. 300-500
moderate
,5. severe DM over
500
ketoacidosis is found in which type of diabetes? correct answers
IDDM- Type 1
diabetes
mellitus
Treatment for IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus correct answers 1. insulin
injection
2. constant plasma glucose monitoring after meals & at
bedtime
Complications of diabetes correct answers 1. atherosclerotic coronary
artery
2. disease
diabetic
retinopathy
3. diabetic
nephropathy
4. diabetic
neuropathy
5. foot
ulcers
6. charcot's
joint
What does AGE stand for correct answers Advanced glycation end
product
(glucose derivative + plasma
protein)
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus onset occurring at what ages? correct
answers
adult; 40-50
y.o.
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is seen in children at this point as
correct
answers
MODY
(mature onset diabetes in
young)
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is associated with & lifestyle
correct
answers obese &
sedentary
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is with relative insulin deficiency
correct
answers insulin
resistance
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus findings include hyper & hyper
correct
answers hypertension;
hypertriglyceridemia
S&S of NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus correct answers 1.
polyphasia
2.
3.
polyurua
polydipsia
4. ketoacidosis
rare
5. nonketotic hypersmolar
coma
Diagnosis for NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus correct answers 1. Same
as measure
2. type 1 c-
peptide
3. glucose
test
4. fasting >126
mg/dl
5. OGTT >200
mg/dl
,Treatment for NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus correct answers early
stage: diet &
exercis
e
middle stage (impaired glucose tolerance): diet, exercise, and medication
to increase
insulin action &
function
late stage: insulin
shots
Central Diabetes insipidus is characterized by due to a correct
answers
excessive urination; deficiency of
ADH
Diabetes insipidus involves inflammation, tumor, or trauma to the
&
correct answers hypothalamus &
pituitary
Diabetes insipidus is a result of renal tubular
unresponsiveness to ADH
correct answers
nephrogenic
Diabetes insipidus may occur at what age? correct answers
any age
S&S of Diabetes insipidus correct answers
Polyuria
Polydipsi
a
Nocturi
a
What test is used as Diagnosis for Diabetes insipidus correct
answers water
deprivation
test
water deprivation test involves taking what samples & doing what in
the morning?
correct answers blood, urine sample & weighing
patient
What must you prevent during the water deprivation test correct
answersfrom
patient prevent
drinking
water
is collected hourly during water deprivation test correct answers
voided uric
test stops when & appear, or when 5% or more of has been
lost correct answers orthostatic hypotension & postural tachycardia; initial
body weight
specific is measured with water deprivation test correct answers
osmolarity
gravity & of
uric
Treatment for Diabetes insipidus correct answers 1. hormonal therapy
(desmopressin
acetate, nasal
spray)
2. non hormonal therapy: diuretics (thiazide) & ADH releasing drugs
(chlorpropamide &
carbamazepin
e)
What is diabetes mellitus? correct answers A chronic multisystem disease
related to insulin production, impaired insulin
abnormal
utilization, or both
, What is the normal process of glucose and insulin metabolism? correct
answers Insulin
is a hormone produced by the B-cells in the Islets of Langerhans or the
pancreas.
Usually insulin is released into the bloodstream and than at an increased rate
upon food
What is the normal glucose level? correct answers 70-
ingestio
110
n. mg/dL
What does insulin do? correct answers lowers blood
glucose
What are the counter-regulatory hormones? correct answers glucagon,
epinephrine,
growth hormone, and
cortisol
How do counter-regulatory hormones work? correct answers
Stimulatingand
production glucose
release by the
liver.
Decreasing the movement of glucose into
the cells
What is type 1 diabetes? correct answers an autoimmune disease in
which theantibodies
develops body against insulin and/or the pancreatic beta cells that
produce
This insulin.
patient is insulin
DEPENDENT.
What is the gene that makes you more susceptible to type 1 diabetes?
correct
The HLAanswers
(HLA-DR3 & HLA-DR4) gene. This person is exposed to a viral
infection,
B-cells of the pancreas are destroyed, either directly or through an
autoimmune
process
.
What is idiopathic diabetes? correct answers Type 1 diabetes that is
strongly
and inherited
not related to
autoimmunity.
What is latent autoimmune diabetes in adults? correct answers A slowly
progressing
autoimmune form of type 1 diabetes occurs in adults, and is often
mistaken for type 2
diabete
s.
What are the signs/symptoms of type 1 diabetes? correct answers
polyuria (frequent
urinatio
n)
polydipsia (excessive
thirst)
polyphagia (excessive
weight-
hunger)
loss
What can a patient with type 1 diabetes develop if the disease goes
answers
untreated? Diabetic
correctketoacidosis (metabolic
acidosis)
what is the honey moon period related to type 1 diabetes? correct answers
A period oflasts for 3-12 months after initial diagnosis. The patient may
remission
requirebecause
insulin little to no
B-cell insulin production remains the sufficient for healthy
blood glucose
levels
.
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