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Humanities CLEP Exam |Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified
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Humanities CLEP Exam |Questions with 100%Correct Answers | Verified
Lao Tzu - ✔️✔️- known as the Father of Taoism
- Sixth century B.C. philosopher Lao Tzu (or 'Old Sage') is credited with starting the philosophy
of Taoism. Some scholars believe that he was a slightly older contemporary of Confucius.
Brahmans - ✔️✔️- members of the highest caste in Hinduism
-
Kshatriyas - ✔️✔️- the warrior caste in Hinduism
Vaishyas - ✔️✔️- the farmer/ merchant caste in Hinduism
Shudras - ✔️✔️- laborer caste in Hinduism
Friedrich Nietzsche - ✔️✔️- German philosopher born in 1844
- More of a moralist than a philosopher (though his name is arguably the most widely
recognized), Nietzsche hated Western civilization with a passion and spent much of his time
denouncing it. He believed in a superman that would bring salvation, an ordinary man who
could will himself to power and live at the height of passion and creativity.
Georg W. F. Hegel - ✔️✔️- published Phenomenology of Mind in 1807 and Philosophy of Right in
1821
- According to the Hegelian dialectic, one thought (i.e. being) invariably leads to a thought of its
antithesis (not being), and the two must come together to form an entirely new thought
(becoming). This work affirmed logic—-specifically, the logic of language—-as the foundation of
the world.
, Immanuel Kant - ✔️✔️- German metaphysician
- began his string of successful philosophical publications with Critique of Pure Reason in 1781.
- Kant believed that reality extended only so far as an individual's personal degree of
"knowing," and it is impossible to "know" things that one cannot experience firsthand.
Therefore, intangibles such as God, freedom, and immortality cannot be known or proven.
After publishing Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone, he was ordered by the government
to refrain from future writings on the topic of religion.
Jean Jacques Rousseau - ✔️✔️Rousseau caused considerable conflict over the years with his
open expectation of the impending fall of humanity. He believed that humanity was inherently
good, but once corrupted by civilization, there was no turning back.
Rene Descartes - ✔️✔️- penned the famous phrase "I think, therefore I am."
- Perhaps better known for his contributions to geometry than philosophy (the Cartesian plane
is named after him), Descartes is actually considered the founder of modern rationalism.
John Locke - ✔️✔️- wrote Two Treatises on Government
- also published An Essay Concerning Human Understanding to outline the principles of
empiricism.
Thomas Hobbes - ✔️✔️- wrote Leviathan, and believed that human life on its own was "solitary,
poor, nasty, brutish, and short."
- argued for a strong, even brutal government in order to keep humanity from becoming
savages.
Epicureans - ✔️✔️- are a sect of hedonism (Pursuit of or devotion to pleasure) that believes that
pleasure of the mind, not just the senses, is the ultimate good.
- Thoroughly defended by Ancient Greek philosophers, the base of this belief system is that the
goal of every action should be increased, long-term pleasure.
Aristotle - ✔️✔️- was Alexander the Great's tutor and a student of Plato
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