Med surg exam 2 study guideChapter 29/30
WBC-know your ranges
o 5,000-10,000
RBC-know your labs
o 4.2-6.1 million
H/H know your labs
o Hemoglobin- 12-18
o Hematocrit- 37%-52%
Neutropenic Precautions- several questions on this
o Wash hands frequently
o Reverse Isolation
o ...
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Chapter 29/30
WBC-know your ranges
o 5,000-10,000
RBC-know your labs
o 4.2-6.1 million
H/H know your labs
o Hemoglobin- 12-18
o Hematocrit- 37%-52%
Neutropenic Precautions- several questions on this
o Wash hands frequently
o Reverse Isolation
o Avoid raw and uncooked meats and eggs and soft cheeses with molds
o HEPA environment
o No pets
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (signs/symptoms) complications
o cancer that originates in your lymphatic system, the disease fighting network
spreads throughout the body.
o tumor develops from lymphocytes- a type of white blood cells.
o Signs/Symptoms
Painless swollen lymph nodes in neck, armpits
Abdominal pain, coughing or trouble breathing
Persistent fatigue
Fever
Night sweats
Unexplained weight loss
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome-what is this and why does it occur?
o Results from obstruction of superior vena cava by tumor or thrombosis
o Common causes are lung cancer, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, metastatic breast
cancer
o Presence of central venous catheter and previous mediastinal radiation increase
risk
o Manifestations (S&S)
Facial edema, periorbital edema
Distention of veins of head, neck, and chest
Headache, seizures
Mediastinal mass on chest x-ray
o Management
Considered a serious medical problem
Radiation therapy to site of obstruction
Chemotherapy for tumors more sensitive to this therapy
Anemia: signs and symptoms- how does this affect everyday life?
o Signs & Symptoms
Fatigue
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Dizziness
Fainting
Paleness
Coldness
Low blood pressure
Palpations
Rapid heart rate
Shortness of breath
Yellowing (eyes and skin)
o Affects everyday life, by the heart must work harder to make up for lack of red
blood cells or hemoglobin, Pt become fatigue, breathless, constant headache, it
effects mental health and matters of the heart
Signs of fluid volume deficit/dehydration
o Thirst
o Irritability
o Dry mucous membranes
o Dizziness
o Coma
o Seizures
o Sunken eyeballs
o Poor skin turgor
o Increased HR
o Decreased BP
What medications are contraindicated for those with tendency for bleeding?
o Aspirin
o Salicylate
o Acetylcholine
Thrombocytopenia- diagnosis, treatment, and causes, teaching related to
o Diagnosis
Platelet count
Hgb/Hct
CBC
Bone marrow aspiration
o Treatment
Bleeding precautions (no straight razor/ soft toothbrush)
Platelet transfusions
Avoid aspirin or other anticoagulants
Avoid heparin if heparin-induced
o Causes
Decreased bon marrow production (inherited or acquired)
Increased platelet destruction
Sequestering of platelets (usually by the spleen)
Heparin-induced
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