Colony - answer Land that is controlled by another nation.
Hernando Cortes - answer Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and
conquered Mexico
Conquistador - answer Spanish conquerors
Francisco Pizarro - answer Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now
Peru and founded the city of Lima
Mestizo - answer A person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.
Encomienda - answer the system in which conquistadors had forced natives to do work
for the Spanish.
Jamestown - answer The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in
East Virginia
Pilgrims - answer English Puritans who founded Plymouth colony in 1620
Puritans - answer religious group seeking to purify the Church of England. Settled a
family model community in Massachusetts's Bay.
French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) - answer War fought in the colonies
between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The
English won.
Middle Passage - answer A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic
Ocean to North America and the West Indies
Triangular Trade - answer A three-way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent
slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and
Rum to Africa
3 aids that helped the Spanish conquer the Aztecs - answer better weaponry, help from
outside colonies, and disease
African vs. Native American slavery - answerAfricans built up immunity to European
diseases, had experience in farming, were less likely to escape and were easy to catch
, Renaissance - answera revival or rebirth, especially in thinking or activity
Humanism - answerFocuses on human potential and achievements
Johann Gutenberg - answerGerman printer who was the first in Europe to print using
movable type and the first to use a press
Printing Press - answerAbility to print information which in turn affected the speed of the
spread of information itself in the Renaissance.
Martin Luther - answera German monk who became one of the most famous critics of
the Roman Catholic Church. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief
attacking the church practices.
Indulgences - answerA payment for the forgiveness of a sin, the church practice Martin
Luther spoke out against.
Perspective - answera technique that allows artists to portray a three-dimensional space
on a flat surface
Utopia - answer"no place"
In Utopia, is there use for money - answeryes, but very little use
Henry VIII - answerEnglish king who created the Church of England after the Pope
refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval)
Anglican Church - answerChurch of England
Anne Boleyn - answerHenry VIII mistress during the time of the English Reformation,
she gave birth to Elizabeth, future queen of England. Later fell out of favor with the King
and was charged with treason
95 Theses - answerIt was nailed to a church door in Wittenberg, Germany in 1517 and
is widely seen as being the catalyst that started the Protestant Reformation. It contained
Luther's list of accusations against the Roman Catholic Church.
Lutheran Church - answerThe church established by Martin Luther
Elizabeth I - answerEnglish Queen and politique who united Protestants and Catholics
through compromise
Patrons - answera person who supports artists, especially financially
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