Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy Chapter 7 Exam Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
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Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy Chapter 7
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Basic Nutrition And Diet Therapy Chapter 7
Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy Chapter 7 Exam Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Vitamin - Answers Vital or organic substance, be necessary to perform a specific metabolic function or to prevent a deficiency disease
Scurvy - Answers A hemorrhagic disease, caused by a lack of vitamin c. Tissue bl...
Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy Chapter 7 Exam Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Vitamin - Answers Vital or organic substance, be necessary to perform a specific metabolic function or to
prevent a deficiency disease
Scurvy - Answers A hemorrhagic disease, caused by a lack of vitamin c. Tissue bleedig, painful limbs and
joints, thickened bones, and skin discoloration.
Functions of Vitamins - Answers 1. Components of coenzymes
2. Antioxidants
3. Hormones that affect gene expression.
4. Components of cell membranes.
5. Components of the light- sensitive rhodopsin molecule in the eyes.
Enzymes - Answers Act as catalysts; catalysts increase the rate at which their specific chemical reactions
proceed, but they are not themselves consumed during the reaction.
Coenzymes - Answers Derived from vitamins are an integral part of some enzymes, without which these
enzymes cannot catalyze their metabolic reactions.
Collagen - Answers Like glue in its capacity to add tensile strength to body structures.
Retinol - Answers The chemical name of Vitamin A. Involved in skeletal and soft-tissue growth. Maintain
and protects healthy skin, inner mucous membranes (nose, eyes, throat, GI tract. Production of immune
cells. Stored in the liver.
Carotenoids - Answers Organic pigments that are found in plants. Helps prevent eye diseases,
scavenging free radicals, reducing risks of certain cancers.
Antioxidant - Answers A molecule that prevents the oxidation of cellular structures by free radicals.
Fat-Soluble Vitamins - Answers Vitamin A, D, E, K. Absorbed by intestinal cells along with dietary fat as a
Michelle and then incorporate into chlyomicrons
Water-Soluble Vitamins - Answers Vitamin C, and all of the B vitamins. Easily absorbed in small intestine.
Vitamins move directly into the portal blood circulation. Does not require the assistance of carrier
proteins. Not stored (ex. B12 and B6)
Carotene - Answers Red and yellow pigments found in plant food.
Xerosis - Answers Itching, burning, and red inflammed eyelids. Preventable with retinol.
Xerophthalmia - Answers Blindness caused by severe Vitamin A deficiency.
, Hypervitaminosis A - Answers Bone pain, dry skin, loss of hair, fatigue, and anorexia. Liver injury with
portal hypertension
Teratogen - Answers Substance or factor resulting in birth defects or miscarriage of an embryo or fetus.
Cholecalciferol - Answers Vitamin D; inactive form
Ergocalciferol - Answers Vitamin D; Inactive form produced in organisms (Not humans) upon ultraviolet
irradiation from the precursor ergosterol.
Prohoromone - Answers Precursor substance that the body converts to a hormone.
1a-Hydroxylase - Answers Enzyme in the kidneys that catalyzes the hydroxylation reaction... to calcitrol.
Resorption - Answers Breaking down and releasing of minerals from bones.
Rickets - Answers Severe vitamin D deficiency during childhood.
Vitamin D Toxicity - Answers Fragile bones, kidney stones, and calcification of soft tissues.
Tocopherol - Answers Vitamin D; Necessary for animal reproduction. Antioxidant to protect cell
membranes. Protective against glaucoma. Preserves structural membranes. Protects polyunsaturated
fatty acids.
Tocopherol Deficiency - Answers Red blood cell membrane phospholipids and proteins are susceptible
to oxidation and destruction. Dietary deficiency; rare/only occurs in individuals who cannot absorb or
metabolize fat.
Tocopherol Toxicity - Answers May interfere with vitamin K activity and blood clotting.
Vitamin K - Answers Blood clotting and bone development.
Prothrombin - Answers Synthesized in the liver, converted to thrombin upon activation,which then
initiates the comversionocfibrinogem to fibrin to form the blood clot.
Phylloquinone - Answers Dietary form of vitamin K. Antidote for the effects of excessive anticoagulant
drugs doses, often used to control and prevent certain types of hemorrhages.
Menaquinone - Answers Form of vitamin K that is synthesized by bacteria, contributes to nearly half of
our supply of vitamin K. Banned due to toxicity effects. Constant supply normally available.
Food sources of phylloquinone (Vitamin K) - Answers Green, leafy veggies, such as spinach, collared
greens, and kale.
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