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Nurs 401 Final Exam Study Guide Pt. 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Nurs 401 Final Exam Study Guide Pt. 1 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Nurs 401 Final Exam Study Guide:Pt. 1 Questions And Answers
Latest Update
Hypoxemia Answer: decrease in the arterial oxygen tension in the blood
Signs of hypoxemia Answer: change in mental status, dyspnea, increase in
BP, changes in HR, dysrhythmias, central cyanosis, diaphoresis, and cool
extremeties
Hypoxia Answer: decrease in oxygen supply to the tissues and cells
Signs of long standing hypoxia (COPD and CHF) Answer: drowsiness,
fatigue, apathy, inattentiveness
Oxygen toxicity Answer: caused by an overproduction of oxygen free
radicals, which are by products of cell metabolism
long term complications of oxygen toxicity Answer: alveolar capillary
membrane leading to pulmonary edema, progressing to cell death
Hypoxic drive theory Answer: administration of a high level of oxygen
concentration removes the respiratory drive that has been created largely by
the patient's chronic low oxygen tension
,goal of chest physiotherapy Answer: remove bronchial secretions, improve
ventilation, and increase efficiency of respiratory muscles
what does chest physiotherapy include? Answer: postural drainage, chest
percussion, vibration, and breathing retraining
Breathing retraining for COPD Answer: pursed lip and diaphragmatic
breathing
Pneumothroax Answer: air fills pleural space (space between visceral and
parietal pleura of the lung)
-a collapsed lung
Signs of pneumothorax Answer: dyspnea (labored breathing), one sided
chest pain, absent or decreased breath sounds
Pulmonary embolism Answer: blood clot breaks off and circulates through
the venous system
-ventilation perfusion mismatch --> cyanosis
-alveolar dead space is increased. area is ventilated by receives little or no blood
signs of pulmonary embolism Answer: dyspnea (most common symptom)
tachypnea, tachycardia, and anxiety
, Pulmonary embolism- nursing role Answer: -death occurs within 1 hour
after symptoms onset- early detection is important
-prevent- leg exercises, ambulation, anti-embolism stockings
-oxygen, IV access, ECG, blood draw
pleural effusion Answer: collection of fluid in between lungs and lining
that surrounds lungs
-caused by irritation, infection, or cancer
signs of pleural effusion Answer: chest percussion- dullness over involved
area, diminished breath sounds, possibly a friction rub
Pleural effusion- nursing management Answer: support medical regimen
Breathing interventions Answer: assess for underlying problems, position
high, oxygen as needed
Atelectasis - what is it? Answer: closure or collapse of alveoli
Atelectasis- causes Answer: many causes: foreign body, tumor, altered
breathing pattern, pain, prolonged supine position, surgical procedure
Atelectasis- who is at risk? Answer: post op patients (pain, analgesic
agents- shallow breathing)
-impaired cough mech or bedridden
-excessive pressure on the lung tissue
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