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DNA Replication Vocabulary Exam Questions and Answers
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DNA Replication Vocabulary Exam Questions and Answers
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DNA Replication Vocabulary ExamQuestions and Answers
Complementary Base Pair - Answer-either of the nucleotide bases linked by a hydrogen
bond on opposite strands of DNA or double-stranded RNA.
Hydrolysis - Answer-chemical decomposition in which a compound is split into other
compounds by reacting with water.
Phosphodiester Bond - Answer-The covalent chemical bond that holds together the
polynucleotide chains of RNA and DNA by joining a specific carbon in the phosphate
group in a sugar having five carobs.
Enzyme - Answer-any of various proteins, as pepsin, originating from living cells and
capable of producing certain chemical changes in organic substances by catalytic
action, as indigestion.
DNA Helicase - Answer-are enzymes that bind and may even remodel nucleic acid or
nucleic acid-protein complexes.
DNA Polymerase - Answer-any of a class of enzymes involved in the synthesis of
deoxyribonucleic acid from its deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate precursors.
RNA Polymerase - Answer-an enzyme that synthesizes the formation of RNA from a
DNA template during transcription.
Leading Strand - Answer-A strand of DNA being replicated continuously. In DNA
replication, the strand that is made in the 5' to 3' direction by continuous polymerization
at the 3' growing tip.
Lagging Strand - Answer-is one of two strands of DNA found at the replication fork, or
junction, in the double helix; the other strand is called the leading strand.
Replication Fork - Answer-a Y-shaped part of a chromosome that is the site for DNA
strand separation and then duplication.
Okazaki Fragment - Answer-are short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are
formed on the lagging template strand during DNA replication.
DNA Ligase - Answer-is a specific type of enzyme, a ligase, that facilitates the joining of
DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond.
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