Exam (elaborations)
BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
[Show more]
Content preview
BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAMQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is adaptation? - answer-a beneficial adjustment to a particular environment and/or
stressor, either by an individual or evolutionarily by a population; serves to keep
organisms in a state of homeostasis
What are the types of adaptation? (2) - answer-cultural/behavioral and biological
What are the types of biological adaptations? (2) - answer-genetic/natural selection and
functional/acquired
What are the types of functional adaptations? - answer-temporary (physiological) and
permanent (developmental)
What is cultural/behavioral adaptation? - answer-acquired adaptation on a
population/individual basis
Name an example of cultural/behavioral adaptations - answer-using a/c, taking a
noontime nap
What is biological (genetic) adaptation? - answer-inherited adaptation on a population
basis, often due to different selective pressures (natural selection, genetic drift and gene
flow)
Name an example of biological (genetic) adaptations - answer-base skin color
What is functional (ontogenetic) adaptation? - answer-acquired, permanent adaptation
on an individual basis, occurs during development, in a particular environment, does not
affect genes and is not passed down to next generations
Name an example of functional (ontogenetic) adaptations - answer-larger chest size for
individuals who live in a high altitude environment
What is functional (physiological) adaptation? - answer-acquired, temporary adaptations
on an individual basis, happens when exposed to a new stressor, does not effect genes
and is not passed down to next generations
Name an example of functional (physiological) adaptations - answer-increased red
blood cell production in high altitudes, sweating in response to heat, tanning in response
to uv radiation
The difference between biological and genetic? - answer-genetic usually has an
environmental component (heritability)
, What are the explanations for the relationship between solar radiation and human skin
color? - answer-skin damage, vitamin d deficiency, folate destruction
People who are hiv resistant have what mutation? - answer-ccr5delta32
What is the connection between ccr5delta32 and the bubonic plague and smallpox? -
answer-people who allegedly survived the bubonic plague typically had the gene
mutation (ccr5delta32) and were also hiv resistant
What is tay-sachs - answer-a disease associated with askenazi jews, some died and
some survived; those who survived typically had the ccr5delta32 mutation
Why is sickle cell anemia beneficial? - answer-people with sickle-cell anemia are less
likely to succumb to malaria
What are the blood types in the abo blood group? - answer-aa, ab, bb, ao, bo, oo
What is rhesus blood group? - answer-
What is lactose intolerance? - answer-when your body doesn't produce enough lactase
to break down the sugars found in milk
What is lactase deficiency? - answer-when your body doesn't produce enough lactase,
the enzyme/protein used to break down lactose
What is lactose tolerance? - answer-when your body produces lactase to break down
lactose
What is lactase persistence? - answer-lactase is continually produced throughout your
life
What are adaptations to cold stress (hypothermia)? - answer-generate body heat
(shivering), vasoconstriction alternating with vasodilation (reduces blood flow near
surface, then sends blood to the surface), higher bmr (basal metabolic rates)
What are adaptations to heat stress? - answer-clothing, shelter, a/c, sweating,
vasodilation
What are the rules of genetic adaptation to temperature stress? - answer-bergmann's
rule and allen’s rule
What does bergmann's rule say? - answer-body size for heat needs to be smaller, body
size for cold needs to be larger, relation of mass or volume to surface area
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller biggdreamer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now