A&P Chapter 3 Review Practice Exam Questions Correctly Answered.
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Course
EECF
Institution
EECF
A&P Chapter 3 Review Practice Exam Questions Correctly Answered.
Plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER •Acts as an active barrier separating intracellular fluid (ICF) from extracellular fluid (ECF)
•Plays dynamic role in cellular activity by controlling what enters and what leaves cell
•Also ...
A&P Chapter 3 Review Practice Exam
Questions Correctly Answered.
Plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER •Acts as an active barrier separating intracellular fluid (ICF) from
extracellular fluid (ECF)
•Plays dynamic role in cellular activity by controlling what enters and what leaves cell
•Also known as the "cell membrane"
Phospholipids - CORRECT ANSWER - form basic structure of the cell membrane
- Hydrophobic tails prevent water soluble substances from crossing forming a boundary
- Polar, hydrophilic head
- nonpolar, hydrophobic tail
- (Lipid)
Cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWER - stiffens the membrane
- decreases water solubility of the membrane
- (Lipid)
Protein - CORRECT ANSWER - determines what functions the membrane can perform
- Many roles, transport, communication, joining cells to each other and to the extra cellular matrix
-
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER - Acts as identity molecules
- allows cells to recognize who is who during development to help sort out tissues from organs
- Allows immune system to detect friend from foe
- found on the outer membrane of the cell forming coating called glycocalyx
integral proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -Firmly inserted into membrane
-Most are transmembrane proteins (span membrane)
, -Have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
§Hydrophobic areas interact with lipid tails
§Hydrophilic areas interact with water
-Function as transport proteins (channels and carriers), enzymes, or receptors
peripheral proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -Loosely attached to integral proteins
-Include filaments on intracellular surface used for plasma membrane support
-Function as:
-Enzymes
- Motor proteins for shape change during cell division and muscle contraction
- Cell-to-cell connections
Tight junctions - CORRECT ANSWER -Integral proteins on adjacent cells fuse to form an impermeable
junction that encircles whole cell
-Prevent fluids and most molecules from moving in between cells
Where might these be useful in body?
- Epithelia
Desmosomes - CORRECT ANSWER -Rivet-like cell junction formed when linker proteins (cadherins) of
neighboring cells interlock like the teeth of a zipper
-Linker protein is anchored to its cell through thickened "button-like" areas on inside of plasma
membrane called plaques
-Keratin filaments connect plaques intercellularly for added anchoring strength
-Desmosomes allow "give" between cells, reducing the possibility of tearing under tension
Where might these be useful in body?
- cardiac muscle tissue
Gap junctions - CORRECT ANSWER -Transmembrane proteins (connexons) form tunnels that allow small
molecules to pass from cell to cell
-Used to spread ions, simple sugars, or other small molecules between cells
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