NU664 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
(2024/2025) GUARANTEED PASS
Bossing - ANS ✓-Fullness of the frontal area-Bulging of the newborn skull, in the
frontal areas associated with prematurity or rickets
-
Cephalhematoma - ANS ✓-Does not cross suture lines
-A deep collection of blood in the subperiosteal area of the scalp
-The swelling appears hours to days after delivery
-No treatment is indicated because of the condition resolving in a few weeks to
months
-Monitor for hyperbilirubinemia
Macrocephaly - ANS ✓-Evaluate with CT of the head
-Referral to a neurology provider should be made for diagnostic purposes and a
brain MRI should be done as a baseline at some point
Plagiocephaly - ANS ✓-Flattening or asymmetry of the head
-Risk - sleeping supine
-Education - tummy time 30-60 minutes/day; alternative babies head position,
helmet 23 hrs/day for 4-6 months when repositioning and helmets are not
successful
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-Improvement should occur in 2-3 months if all these are done
Primary evaluation tool in toddler growth - ANS ✓-WHO charts from birth to
23 months
-CDC growth chart from 2 years of age and older
Normal weight gain in toddlers - ANS ✓-Most triple birth weight by 12 months
-Will gain 6-8 pounds in next year and gain 12 inches in length
Transition to milk - ANS ✓-Milk should be limited to <24 ounces/day (16 is
good) due to lack of iron and interference with intake of other nutrients
-Whole milk and no skim
-Whole milk until 2 years
-Discuss at 12 months
Temper tantrums - ANS ✓-Reassure it's normal and nothing is wrong
Toddlers - identification of red flags - ANS ✓-Speech concerns
Otitis Externa - treatment - ANS ✓-Diffuse inflammation of the EAC and can
involve the pinna or TM
-Edema, discharge, and erythema
-OE results when the protective barrier in the EAC are damaged by mechanical or
chemical mechanisms
-Eardrops - Ciprodex - ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone; usually containing
acetic acid or antibiotic with and without corticosteroid drops are the treatment
of choice
-Should improve within 7 days, but resolution may take two weeks
-Routine follow-up is not needed
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-If symptoms worsen after treatment or no improvement after a week, a referral
to ENT is indicated
-If not improved within 72 hours - recheck to confirm diagnosis
Acute otitis media - ANS ✓-1st choice medication - Amoxicillin 80-90
mg/kg/day divided twice a day for 5-7 if over two; if under 2 - 10 days
-2nd failure choice - Augmentin 80-90 mg/kg/day BID
Picky eater - ANS ✓-It is the parents job to provide the child with nutritious
foods and the child's job to decide how much to eat
-Start with small portions
-Discourage parents from making separate meals
-Changes in eating habits are caused by developmental changes
-Do not force
-1 tablespoon per each year of age or 1/3 to 1/4 an adult portion
Preschooler growth and development - ANS ✓-Gains 4-6 pounds and 2-4
inches in a year
Conjunctivitis in the newborn - ANS ✓-Ophthalmia neonatorum
-Chlamydia, S. aureus, N. gonorrhea, HSV
-Erythema, chemosis, purulent exudate with N. gonorrhea, clear to mucoid
exudate with Chlamydia
-Culture (ELISA, PCR), Gram stain, R/O gonorrhea and chlamydia
-Saline irrigation to eyes until exudate gone, follow with erythromycin ointment
-For N. gonorrhea - Ceftriaxone or IM or IV
-For chlamydia - erythromycin or possibly azithromycin PO
-For HSV - antivirals IV or PO
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-Must be conjunctival scraping and they must contain epithelial cells; isolate the
organism by tissue culture; direct fluorescence antibody test; also test for
gonorrhea
Dacryostenosis - ANS ✓-Abnormal obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct that
prevents tears from flowing into an opening in the nasal mucosa
-Continuous or intermittent tearing, stickiness, and mucoid discharge at the inner
canthus that can become purulent, with possible expression of purulent material;
blepharitis; nasal obstruction and drainage; tenderness and swelling over the
lacrimal duct; eyelids closed with dried mucous on awakening; edema and
erythema of the tear sac
-Treatment - daily massage of the lacrimal sac may be performed to facilitate
canalization of the duct; bacterial conjunctivitis or excessive exudate
(erythromycin ophthalmic ointment or a fluoroquinolone); saline drops into the
nose, followed by aspiration before feeding and at bedtime
-Referral - if exudate persists for 1-2 weeks despite interventions; refer to
ophthalmologist; probing
Chalazion - ANS ✓-A chronic sterile inflammation of the eyelid resulting from a
lipogranuloma of the meibomian glands, which line the posterior margins of the
eyelids
-Hot compresses
-Refer to a ophthalmologist for surgical incision or topical intralesional
corticosteroid injections if the condition is unresolved or the lesion causes
cosmetic concerns
-Can cause astigmatism as a result of pressure on the orbit
Hordeolum - ANS ✓-A stye, is an infection of either the sebaceous glands, the
eyelids (external hordeolum), or the meibomian glands (internal hordeolum)
-Signs - tender, swollen, red furuncle is seen
-Interventions - rupture often occurs spontaneously wen the furuncle becomes
large and a point develops; removal of an eyelash promotes rupture; warm, moist
compresses 3-4 times a day, 10-15 minutes each time, hygiene for the eye with a
NU664 FINAL
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