NUR 232 Exam 1
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Birth to 1 year of age: The first and
most important attribute to develop for
a healthy personality is basic trust. Es-
tablishment of trust dominates the first
year of life and describes all of the child's
What age is Erikson's Trust versus Mis- satisfying experiences at this age. Corre-
trust stage of development? sponding to Freud's oral stage, it is a time
of "getting" and "taking in" through all the
senses. It exists only in relation to some-
thing or someone; therefore, consistent,
loving care by a mothering person is es-
sential for development of trust.
1 to 3 years of age: The development
of autonomy during the toddler period
is centered on children's increasing abil-
ity to control their bodies, themselves,
and their environment. They want to do
What age is Erikson's Autonomy ver-
things for themselves using their newly
sus Shame and Doubt stage of develop-
acquired motor skills of walking, climb-
ment?
ing, and manipulating and their mental
powers of selecting and decision mak-
ing. Much of their learning is acquired
by imitating the activities and behavior of
others.
What age is Erikson's Initiative versus
3 to 6 years of age.
Guilt stage of development?
What age is Erikson's Industry versus
6 to 12 years of age.
Inferiority stage of development?
What age is Erikson's Identity versus
12 to 18 years of age.
Role Confusion stage of development?
What age is an Infant? Birth through 12 months.
What age is a Toddler? 12 months through 36 months.
What age is a Preschooler? 36 months through 5 years.
What age is School age? 5 years through 12 years.
What age is Adolescence? 12 years through 18 years.
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, NUR 232 Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_a153u0
1.) Socializing
2.) Giving unrestricted and sometimes
unsought advice.
3.) Offering premature or inappropriate
reassurance.
4.) Giving over ready encouragement.
5.) Defending a situation or opinion.
6.) Using stereotyped comments or clich-
What are the communication barriers
es.
that pertain to the nurse?
7.) Limiting expression of emotion by
asking directed, closed-ended ques-
tions.
8.) Interrupting and finishing the person's
sentence.
9.) Talking more than the interviewee.
10.) Forming prejudged conclusions.
11.) Deliberately changing the focus.
1.) Allow children time to feel comfort-
able.
2.) Avoid sudden or rapid advances,
broad smiles, extended eye contact, and
other gestures that may be seen as
threatening.
3.) Talk to the parent if the child is initially
shy.
4.) Communicate through transition ob-
jects (such as dolls, puppets, and stuffed
What are the guidelines for communicat- animals) before questioning a young
ing with children? child directly.
5.) Give older children the opportunity to
talk without the parents present.
6.) Assume a position that is at eye level
with the child.
7.) Speak in a quiet, unhurried, and con-
fident voice.
8.) Speak clearly, be specific, and use
simple words and short sentences.
9.) State directions and suggestions pos-
itively.
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