Exam (elaborations)
NSB236 Exam 2024 NSB 236 Actual Exam Update 2024 Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+
- Course
- Institution
NSB236 Exam 2024 NSB 236 Actual Exam Update 2024 Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+
[Show more]
Content preview
NSB236 Exam 2024 NSB 236 ActualExam Update 2024 Questions and
Correct Answers Rated A+
What is the biology of cancer? -ANSWER-Defective cell proliferation
and defective cell differentiation.
What are the three stages of cancer development? -ANSWER-
Initiation, promotion and progression.
What are the characteristics of benign neoplasms? -ANSWER-Usually
encapsulated, normally differentiated, nil metastases, rare recurrence,
slight vascularity, and expansive growth.
What are the characteristics of malignant neoplasms? -ANSWER-
Rarely encapsulated, poorly differentiated, capable of metastasis,
possible recurrence, moderate to marked vascularity, and infiltrative
growth.
What is the aim of chemotherapy? -ANSWER-To reduce or eliminate
malignant cells.
What is dysplasia? -ANSWER-The presence of abnormal cells within
a tissue.
How is cancer growth staged? -ANSWER-From stage 0 (cells are in
situ) to stage 4 (cells have metastasised).
,What are the four stages of radiation therapy? -ANSWER-Energy
beams absorb into tissue, ionisation occurs, leading to the breakdown
of cell DNA bonds.
What are the side effects of chemotherapy? -ANSWER-Nausea and
vomiting, malnutrition, inflammation, diarrhoea/constipation and
toxicities.
What is angiogenesis? -ANSWER-The formation of new blood
vessels.
What are the meninges? -ANSWER-The three layers of membranes
that protect the brain and spinal cord.
What is anaplasia? -ANSWER-The lack of cellular differentiation.
What is an oncogene? -ANSWER-A mutated gene that has the
potential to cause cancer.
What is a vesicant? -ANSWER-An agent that causes blistering.
What is nadir? -ANSWER-The lowest possible blood cell count during
chemotherapy.
What is a neoplasm? -ANSWER-A new and abnormal growth of
tissue.
What is leucopenia? -ANSWER-An abnormally low white blood cell
count.
What is thrombocytopenia? -ANSWER-A low level of platelets in the
blood.
,What is the normal range of leukocytes in the blood? -ANSWER-
4,500-11,000.
What is the normal range of thrombocytes in the blood? -ANSWER-
150,000-450,000 per micro-litre.
What are the types of white blood cells? -ANSWER-Neutrophils,
lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, and leukocytes.
What does ectomy refer to? -ANSWER-Excision or removal of.
What does lysis refer to? -ANSWER-Destruction of.
What does orrhaphy refer to? -ANSWER-The repair or suture of.
What does ostomy refer to? -ANSWER-The creation of opening into.
What does otomy refer to? -ANSWER-The cutting into or incision of.
What are the four types of trauma? -ANSWER-Non-penetrating,
penetrating, thermal and electrical.
What are the common causes of thoracic trauma? -ANSWER-Seatbelt
injury, crush injury and penetrating injury.
What is a pneumonia/haemothorax? -ANSWER-Air or blood in the
pleural space.
What is a tension pneumothorax? -ANSWER-A tension pneumothorax
is when a pneumothorax causes haemodynamic compromise. This
, occurs when the air entering the pleural space does so via a pleural
breach which functions as a one way valve.
What is the first-line treatment for a pneumothorax/haemothorax? -
ANSWER-An intercostal catheter or underwater sealed drainage.
What are the 6 P's of neuromuscular assessment? -ANSWER-Pain,
pallor (colour), paraesthesia (pins and needles), paralysis, pulses, and
polar.
What is compartment syndrome? -ANSWER-Increased pressure in
any of the 46 anatomical compartments of the body leading to cellular
dysfunction, vascular and neural compression, and tissue ischaemia.
What is ischaemia? -ANSWER-Loss of blood supply to a tissue due to
impeded arterial supply.
What are the goals of treating haemorrhage? -ANSWER-Optimise
oxygenation, monitor patient frequently and aim for a temperature of
above 35.5 and pH of above 7.2.
What is cancer? -ANSWER-A single cell that does not conform to
regular cell differentiation and proliferation.
What are the symptoms of cancer? -ANSWER-Persistent fever,
changes to pallor, frequent infections, unexplained weight loss,
fatigue, coughing up blood, headaches, and chronic pain.
What is a carcinoma? -ANSWER-Tumours of the skin and mucous
membrane.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Tutorhailey. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $18.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79223 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now
