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MNT Exam 1 Questions and Answers Grade A+
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MNT Exam 1 Questions and Answers Grade A+
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1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+MNT Exam 1 Questions and Answers
Grade A+
causes of malnutrition
✓ 1. inadequate intake
✓ 2. increased requirements
✓ 3. inadequate absorption of nutrients
✓ 4. inadequate nutrient utilization
✓ 5. increased nutrient losses
consequences of malnutrition (under or over)
✓ 1. increase morbidity & mortality
✓ 2. increased length of stay (LOS)
✓ 3. increased hospital readmission
✓ 4. increased health-related costs
✓ 5. decreased functional status (decreased activities of daily living, ADL)
✓ 6. decreased quality of life
✓ 7. impaired immunity & wound healing
Basic features of marasmus
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ no inflammation
✓ starvation-related malnutrition
✓ simple, unstressed or uncomplicated starvation
✓ chronic starvation
✓ depressed anthropometrics
✓ <80% DBW &/or wt loss 10% UBW w/in 6 months w/visible muscle wasting
✓ Usually ketones in urine in prolonged starvation
✓ NORMAL visceral proteins (eg. serum albumin) until late in the process
due to compensatory shift of albumin from extravascular to plasma
space
basic features of acute disease/injury related malnutrition in clinical setting
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ - inflammation occurs
✓ - metabolic stress associated with disease & trauma increases risk for
malnutrition - due to increased demands for nutrients
✓ - Kwashiorkor-like symptoms can result
✓ - low serum albumin (protein malnutrition - enough energy, not enough
protein)
✓ - edema
✓ - poor wound healing
✓ - chronic disease-related malnutrition
✓ - hypermetabolism in response to inflammation, injury, or major surgery
✓ - essentially no major change in NORMAL anthropometrics from before
injury
✓ - may exhibit edema
✓ - typically no ketones in urine - but possible in small amounts
✓ - DEPRESSED visceral proteins (eg. albumin) due to inflammation &
stress-induced shift of albumin from plasma to extravascular space &
other changes
risk factors for malnutrition
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ 1. involuntary weight loss or gain of 10% or more of usual body weight
within 6 mo. or 5% w/in 1 month
✓ 2. body weight of 20% over/under desirable weight
✓ 3. presence of chronic disease or increased metabolic requirements
✓ 4. altered diets, or enteral or parenteral nutrition
✓ 5. recent surgery, illness or trauma
✓ 6. inadequate nutrient intake, ie impaired ability to ingest, digest or
absorb nutrients for longer than 7 days
✓ 7. See table 4-2 on page 133 in Krause
key data routinely available as part of a standard nutrition screen
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
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