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WGU D311 Micro Section 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
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11/5/24, 4:43 AM WGU D311 Micro Section 1 Flashcards | QuizletWGU D311 Micro Section 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
Terms in this set (150)
What are characteristics of Prokaryotic Single celled, do not have nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplast, multiple
Cells "Bacteria" shapes (coccus, bacillus, vibrio, etc) found in pairs, clusters or chains
What are characteristics of Eukaryotic cells Have a nucleus, have membrane bound organelles, single celled or
"animal and plant cells" multicellular, larger than prokaryotes, linear histone wrapped chromosomes
All plants and animal cells (protozoans , algae, fungi) are Eukaryotic.
bacteria and archaea are Prokaryotic
Structures if Eukaryotic: nucleus, membrane organelles in the cytoplasm (
mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysomes, and
Differences between Prokaryotes and
peroxisomes held in place by the cytoskeleton. Flagella (whip like/flexible) and
Eukaryotes
cilla
Structures of Prokaryotic: cell membrane, chromosomal dna that is in
nucleotide, ribosomes, and cell wall. Flagella (stiff/rotating) pilli, fimbriae and
capsules
Found in every habitat on earth, prokaryotic, cell walls have peptidoglycan and
Bacteria
described by shape (coccus, bacillus, spirillum, spirochete or vibrio)
Protists A eukaryotic organism that cannot be classified as an animal, plant, or fungus.
Eukaryotic, lives by decomposing and absorbing nutrients. Not photosynthetic
Fungi
and has cell wall made of chitin
multicellular parasitic organisms commonly called worms or flukes
Helminths
ex: Guinea worm (Dracunculus medinensis)
Viruses Acellular, consists of proteins and genetic material (dna/rna) never both
Nucleoid, ribosomes, endospores, plasma membrane, cell wall, peptidoglycan,
Bacterial Structures "prokaryotic"
flagella, fimbriae, pilli
central area in a prokaryotic cell that contains genetic information, not
Nucleoid of Bacteria
surrounded by a membrane
site of protein synthesis. 70S composed of two subunits (30S small and 50S
Ribosomes of Bacteria
large and are composed of protein and rRNA components
Endospores of bacteria form around DNA when stressed, protect until conditions are good
phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that defines the boundary of the
Plasma membrane in bacteria
cell
made of peptidoglycan and help maintain shape and withstand changes in
Cell wall of bacteria
osmotic pressure
is part of the cell wall.
Peptidoglycan of bacteria
is made of sugars and proteins.
Flagella of bacteria acts as a propeller to move the cell. Stiff, rotating structure.
Fimbriae of bacteria hairlike bristles that allow adhesion to surfaces
Pili of bacteria Appendages that allow bacteria to attach to each other and to transfer DNA
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, 11/5/24, 4:43 AM WGU D311 Micro Section 1 Flashcards | Quizlet
Chemotaxis Directional movt from a call in response to chemical attraction
Phototaxis movement in response to light using flagella
Bacterium "runs" Movt of bacteria counterclockwise flagellar rotation
Bacteria "tumbles" Random movt of bacterial cell by clockwise flagellar rotation
metabolically active and growing and does not contain endospores. Sensitive
vegetative cell
to extreme temps and radiation, gram positive, normal water content
A thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists
Endospores harsh conditions (extreme temps and radiation) does not absorb gram stain.
No growth
Protects bacteria agaisnt degrading agents, unfavorable growth and nutrient
Why is sporulation important for bacteria
depletion
DNA replicates, membranes form around dna, forespore forms additional
What are 6 steps of sporulation process membranes, protective cortex forms around the spore, protein coat forms
around the cortex and spore is released
More complex, 3 layers (inner membrane, thin layer if peptidoglycan and outer
Gram Negative cell
membrane containing lipipolysaccharide)
Gram positive cell Simple structure, thick layer of peptidoglycan with teichoic acid
Lipopolysaccharides: outer membrane
Gram Negative structure Periplasmic space: b/T cell wall and plasma membrane
outer membrane: phospholipid bilayer external to the peptidoglycan layer
All viruses have ? capsid and nucleic acid
Capsid protein coat surrounding a virus
naked virus no envelope. Composed of nucleic core either dna or rna
a virus formed with a nucleic-acid packed capsid surrounded by a lipid layer.
enveloped virus
Made up of phospholipid membrane that buds from the host cell.
Hyphae (Fungi Structure) Branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of fungi
Mycelium (fungi structure) Negative network of branched, tubular hyphae
Body of fleshy fungi. Commonly occurs with HIV infection and fungal
Thallus (fungi structure)
reproduction. Microbes move to the lymphatic system in the groin
Fungi that are capable of growing in both the mold form and the yeast form
Dimorphic fungus ex: human pathogens Histoplasma capsulatum (lung dx) and Candida albicans
(vaginal yeast/oral thrush)
Ascomycota Yeast, sexual reproduction. Edible mushrooms, truffles and PCN
Basidiiomycota Club fungi, rust, puffballs and mushrooms
Microsporidia lack mitochondria, produce polar tube
Zygomycota bread molds
What groups are protist Algae, Protozoa, slime mold and water molds
eukaryotic organisms that are not fungi, plants, or animals. Single celled, free
Characteristics of protozoans
living, lack cell wall, divide by binary fusion or budding
two groups of parasitic helminths flatworms and roundworms
Characteristics of Nematoda (Round Full digestive system, contain more than 15000 species. Pinworm is most
worms) common in US
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