Aroma 203 Final Exam Review Questions And
Answers With Latest Quiz
Atoms consist of three things: ANS Positively charged protons;
Neutral neutrons; and
Negatively charged electrons.
Essential oils are produced by plants ANS Starting materials are carbon dioxide, and water
three compounds in essential oils ANS • Hydrogen
• Oxygen
• Carbon
Hydrogen is the smallest atom that exists.
• Carbon has six protons and six neutrons in the nucleus.
• Oxygen atoms have eight protons and eight neutrons in the nucleus.
Two or more atoms joined together (bonded) are called: ANS Molecule
Composition of essential oils will vary considerably depending on the following factors: ANS •
Geographic origin
• Climate
• Soil conditions
• Cultivation conditions
• Harvest methods
• Extraction methods
• Storage methods
An isoprene unit: ANS Is five carbon atoms joined as a branched chain to form molecules
,Terpenes are the least complex terpenoid molecule ANS hydrocarbons
Terpenes names ANS camphene, chamazulene, limonene, pinene, phellandrene, piperene, and
sabinene
Terpene essential oils ANS Bergamot, black pepper, cardamom, cypress, grapefruit, petitgrain,
and rosemary
Antiviral and expectorant action is one of the most widely distributed terpenes what is the name of
one terpene? ANS Limonine is one of the most widely distributed terpenes
Limonene EO's ANS Occurs in caraway, cardamom, citrus, coriander, juniper, peppermint, pine
Pinene, found in pine oil, is a terpene. What is its action? ANS Antiseptic action
Chamazulene, a terpene (a sesquiterpene) what are the benefits and example? ANS anti-
inflammatory action; chamomile oil
name some Terpene alcohols ANS borneol, nerol, citronellol, geraniol, and terpineol
Terpene alcohols stimulate the immune system because their properties are ANS antibacterial,
diuretic, and tonic action.
Monoterpenes keywords ANS analgesic, bactericidal, expectorant, stimulant
Monoterpenes examples ANS camphene and pinene in cypress oil;
camphene, pinene and thujene in black pepper oil; cymene and terpinene in thyme oil;
terpinene in juniper oil;
camphene in ginger oil; and limonene in rosemary oil
,Sesquiterpenes keywords ANS analgesic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic,
hypotensive, spasmolytic
Sesquiterpenes examples ANS Farnesene in chamomile and lavender oil, and beta-caryophyllene
in basil and black pepper.
Sesquiterpenes characteristics ANS Faint aroma, are viscous, and soluble in alcohol, and easily
become resinous when exposed to air.
Diterpenes Keywords ANS antifungal, expectorant, hormonal balancers, hypotensive
Diterpenes characteristics ANS This molecule is too heavy to allow evaporation with steam in
the distillation process, so it is rarely present in distilled essential oils.
Example of a diterpenol ANS Sclareol found in clary sage
Terpenes ANS anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antiviral, bactericidal, expectorant
Alcohols ANS antiseptic, antiviral, bactericidal, germicidal
Aldehydes ANS antifungal, anti-inflammatory, disinfectant, sedative
Phenols ANS antiseptic, bactericidal, disinfectant, stimulant
Ketones ANS anticatarrhal, cell proliferant, expectorant, vulnerary
Acids ANS anti-inflammatory
, Esters ANS antifungal, antimicrobial, sedative
Oxides ANS expectorant
Lactones ANS anti-inflammatory, antiphlogistic, expectorant, febrifuge
Coumarins ANS sedative
Camphene ANS camphor C. camphora; peppermint M. ×piperita
Chamazulene ANS chamomile Roman C. nobile; chamomile German M. recutita
Linalol ANS ylang ylang (C. odorata var. genuine); lavender (L. angustifolia); clary sage (S.
sclarea); thyme (T. vulgaris)
What group of oils can intensify their action on the skin when mixed with the heat of the bath water.
ANS citrus oils
Essential oils with a high percentage of the following constituents have been found to have a strong
effect against fungal infections? ANS aldehydes
esters
What oil works best as a moisturizer in cosmetic or soap preparations? ANS avocado
An infused oil is prepared by methods? ANS waterbath
solar
crockpot
