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NRSG 533 MN Adult Exam 3 Questions And 100% Correct Answers (A+)
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NRSG 533 MN Adult Exam 3 Questions And100% Correct Answers (A+)
BP - ANSWER -influenced by contractility, preload, and afterload (strongest variable)
-block angiotensin II -block vasoconstriction
-angiotensin II -powerful vasoconstriction
-epi -acts on heart
-noripe- vasoconstriction of vascular system
primary hypertension - ANSWER idiopathic, most common, no cause
secondary hypertension - ANSWER has identifiable certain cause that can be corrected
when you think HTN think - ANSWER ischemia
HTN ischemia effects - ANSWER -heart, brain, kidney, eyes, lungs
# for HTN - ANSWER - proxy of telling us how tight the pressure in vessel - blood moving
through artery
higher BP means - ANSWER less blood flow through arteries
high BP is not symptomatic until - ANSWER you hit the organ failure stage
normal BP - ANSWER Systolic <120
and
,Diastolic <80
elevated BP - ANSWER S: 120-129
and
D: < 80
stage 1 hypertension - ANSWER S: 130-139
or
D: 80-89
stage 2 hypertension - ANSWER S: ≥ 140 ˅
D: ≥ 90
HTN emergency - ANSWER >180/120 w/ end organ damage
Treat w/ IV nitroprusside
reduce by 25% in first hour
HTN urgency - ANSWER -no target organ damage
-treat w/ PO meds - clonidine
-returns to their normal
-reduce by 25%
-don't want to drop BP to fast, bc it can effect brain, pump loosen, pressure not enough
profusion
how to calculate MAP - ANSWER MAP= 1/2SBP + 2/3DBP
calculating reducing MAP - ANSWER MAP= 180, reduce by 25%
=180 x .25
,=45
new MAP = 135
HF symptoms dont manifest - ANSWER in heart but heart is main problem because its
not putting out enough blood to maintain rest of body needs
why liver is not effected by HF - ANSWER bc of hepatic circulation - blood flow from
other places
kidneys and HF - ANSWER -kidneys can compensate for a short period of time
-kidneys effect water retention due to lack of profusion -vasoconstriction - increase
blood volume in body
left sided HF symptoms - ANSWER -SOB
-dyspnea
-wheezing
-moist cough
-confusion
-crackles in lungs
right sided HF symptoms - ANSWER -peripheral edema, pitting
-JVD (pulsating)
-liver tenderness - hepatomegaly
-anorexia - loss of appetite
-weight gain (2/3 lbs per day or 5 lbs per week )
major causes of right sided heart failure - ANSWER -smoking
-COPD
, -enphazemia
systolic HF (contractility problem) - ANSWER -HFref (reduced)
-left sided
-ejection fraction < 40 %
causes of HFref - ANSWER -ischemic CAD (70%)
-dilated cardiomyopathy (30% familial)
-myocarditis - viral
-valvular heart disease - aortic stenosis
-tachycardia - metabolic, thyroid
-atrial fibrillation
-Adriamycin for cancer treatment
diastolic heart failure (filling problem) - ANSWER -HFpef (perserved)
-left sided
-EF WNL or > 50% or higher
causes of HFpef - ANSWER -aging
-thickening of heart muscle - HTN
-diabetes
-obesity
-alcohol/substance abuse
-viral
-cardiomyopathy
diagnosis of HF - ANSWER -CXR (cardiomegaly, pulmonary congestion),
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